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REGULATIONS 



[ Motorcycle Transportation 



-FOR- 



I QUARTERMASTER CORPS 
I U. S. ARMY. 



Compiled by the Motor Division 
Quartermaster Corps. 




War Plans Division 
April, 1918. 




Class -Ll'-C^JS.^JS^ 



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REGULATIONS 

—FOR— 

Motorcycle Transportation 

QUARTERMASTER CORPS 
U. S. ARMY. 



Compiled by the Motor Division 
Quartermaster Corps. 




War Plans Division 
April, 1918. 






Wae Depaetment 

Document No. 780 

Office of the Adjutant General. 



n. df B. 

MAV 13 ]920 



WAR DEPARTMENT, 

Washington, April 2, 1918. 

The following pampWet, entitled "Regulations for 
Motorcycle Transportation, Quartermaster Corps, U. S. 
Army," is published for the information and guidance 
of all concerned. 

(062.12 A. G. O.) 

B r OEDKR OF THE SeCEETAEY OF WAR : 

PEYTON C. MARCH, 

. Major General, Acting Chief of Staff. 
Official: 

H. P. McCain, 

The Adjutant General. 



TABLE OF CONTENTS. 



Page 
Composition of a motorcycle company. — Organiza- 
tion _ _-.._ _ 7 

Advice to company commanders..... 10 

How to organize a motorcycle company.... 14 

Duties of individuals 16 

Routine 21 

Motorcycle Co.. 23 

Precautions against fire 27 

How to drive 28 

Extracts from British articles — -What the D. R. 

should know ...: 35 

Care and upkeep 36 

Dont's to prevent trouble..... ....* 36 

Tactical formations 38 

Visual and whistle signals 40 

Camp and bivouac — Plan for motorcycle camp 42 

Road and route marching . 44 

Notes on work at depot and base' transporting 

supplies 47 

Useful motorcycle data , 49 

Records 50 

Records of personnel.. 51 

Records of property 52 

Records of operation and maintenance 52 

Subjects for instruction and for use in weekly in- 
spections 54 

A desirable spare parts stock record 59 

Front of card 59 

Back of card... 60 

Appendices...- :.... 63 

Model ''A" — Consolidated motor record 65 

Model "B" — -Driver's daily motorcycle report 66 

Model ^'C— Cost record 67 

"A" — Supplied by the Adjutant General's De- 
partment '. 68 



"B" — Supplied by the Quartermaster Corps 70 

"C" — Supplied by the Ordnance Department 73 

Miscellaneous books and publications... .*._.. 74 

Property common to all companies 1 - 74 

(a) Ordnance property 74 

(b) Medical property 76 

(c) Quartermaster property _.._ 76 

(d) Unit motorcycle equipment 76 

(e) Miscellaneous _ 77 

(f ) Signal property _ _. 79 

(g) Engineer property _.. 79 

Suggested form for order for motorcycle. 79 

Tests of candidates for appointment as drivers or for 

transfer to Quartermaster Corps... 89 

Practical examination. _.._. 81 

Practical questions. 81 

Previous experience 82 

Personal record 83 

Memorandum _ 84 

Ratings.. , 85 

Classes 85 

Practical questions for a test... 86 

Driving test 87 

Ratings 87 

Classes 88 

Suggested form of inspection sheet 88 

Engines.—. 88 

Fuel system 88 

Ignition system 89 

Clutch .... 89 

Gears ..- 89 

Control system 89 

Running gear and frame.:.... 90 

Lighting system..... _ 90 

Miscellaneous.- 91 

Harley-Davidson tools ..-. 92 

Indian tools insert facing page 105 



Composition of a 

Motorcycle Company 

ORGANIZATION 

1. Personnel: 

1st Lieutenant— ..— 1 

2nd Lieutenant 1 

1st Sergeant (cyclemaster) 1 

Sergeants Q. M. C 5 

Corporal Q. M. C 1 

Cook 1 

Privates, 1st class — - .....30 

Total 40 

2. Transportation: 

32 Motorcycles with side cars. 

2 Auto trucks, % ton capacity, pneumatic tires. 

Note. — Motorcycles desired for use on messenger 
duty may have side cars detached temporarily while 
on that duty. 

3. Assignment and Duties: 

1st Lieutenant (commanding company).. 

2nd Lieutenant (supply officer). 

1st Sergeant (cyclemaster). 

Sergeants Q. M. C. (1 mess sergeant and supply 
sergeant, 1 sergeant mechanic, 3 section com- 
manders). 

Note. — Mess sergeant and supply sergeant may 
take charge of a section in absence of regular section 
leader. 

Corporal, Q. M. C. (company clerk). 

Cook (company cook). 

Privates, 1st class (chauffeurs). 

4. The company shall consist of four sections, as 
follows : 



b MOTORCYCLE TRANSPORTATION. 

(a) Headquarters section : 

1 1st Lieutenant, 1 motorcycle and side car. 

1 2nd Lieutenant, 1 motorcycle and side car. 

1 1st Sergeant (cyclemaster), 1 motorcycle and 

side car. 
1 Sergeant (mechanic), 1 motorcycle and side car. 
1 Corporal, 1 motorcycle and side car. 
1 Cook (on truck). 

1 Mess and Supply sergeant (on truck). 
3 Privates, 1st class, one as assistant mechanic 

(on truck). 

(b) Three sections, each consisting of: 

1 Sergeant (section leader), 1 motorcycle and side 

car. 
9 Privates, 1st class (chauffeurs), 8 motorcycles 

and side cars. 

( One private, 1st class, in each section thus is avil- 
able for duty as assistant chauffeur, for guard, in- 
terior company duty and messenger work). 

5. The motorcycle company is normally organized 
into three sections of nine motorcycles, each section 
under command of an assistant cyclemaster. The ser- 
vice motorcycles not forming an integral part of the 
three sections are usually kept under the immediate 
orders of the cycle master. When the company is 
not operating as a train, one side car will be desig- 
nated by the cyclemaster to carry necessary spare 
parts, oil and gas. 

GENERAL. 

6. It is difficult to impress upon users of motor 
transportation in our service that motorcycles, cars 
and trucks are property of the United States and as 
such should be given the same care and attention as 
the rifle or any other article of equipment. As the 
cavalryman cares for his pistol, his rifle and his 
horse, either one, which alone may save the soldier's 
life at some crucial moment, so should the motorcylist 
care for his rifle, pistol, or motorcycle. 

7. Attention is invited to the provisions of law and 
Army Regulations that only commissioned officers of 



MOTOKCYCLE TRANSPOETATION. • 9 

the Regular Army, National Army, or militia, duly 
mustered into the service of the United States, are 
authorized to hold or account for Government prop- 
erty. 

8. In each company the division of responsibility 
with reference to operation, repair and upkeep of the 
mechanical equipment should be established by the 
company commander and published in a company 
order, so that each member of the company shall be 
thoroughly familiar therewith. 

9. The general practice is to make each driver 
and assistant driver responsible for the operation, re- 
pair and upkeep of the motorcycle and equipment, as 
well as all other property assigned him. The extent 
of the repairs that he should be required to make 
depends much on the ability of the personnel. In 
general, however, this will extend to what may be 
classed as minor repairs, not requiring a more exten- 
sive mechanical knowledge than is possessed by the 
ordinary motorcycle driver. Work in the motor, igni- 
tion and lighting system or on the interior mechanism 
of running parts should normally be done under 
the direct supervision of the mechanic. Aside from 
this, it is better to determine the proficiency of the 
individual driver or chief of section before permitting 
any repairs, except the most simple, to be performed 
by them. 

10. It is highly essential that all members of the 
company be thoroughly instructed in driving and car- 
ing for the motorcycle with side car and that they 
be thoroughly proficient in driving a solo motorcycle 
under most severe road conditions. It is especially 
desirable that the officers of the company become 
expert in riding a solo motorcycle under all conditions, 
as they can more easily keep in touch with all ele- 
ments of a column on the march, and it is frequently 
desirable to dispatch a verbal message, the import- 
ance of which makes it essential that the message 
be carried by an officer. 

11. All members of the company should be thor- 
oughly trained in tandem riding with a solo motor- 
cycle. This method of riding should be used only in 
training, except in case of urgent necessity. 



10 MOTORCYCLE TRANSPOETATION. 



ADVICE TO COMPANY COMMANDERS. 

12. Great care should be taken to observe regula- 
tions as to speed and as to rules of tbe road, and all 
concerned will acquaint themselves with these regula- 
tions for the particular locality in which the com- 
pany operates. 

13. If, while in use on official business, a motor 
vehicle be stopped by a police officer, or if otherwise 
there be interference by state or other local authori- 
ties because of failure to make registration and pay 
such special tax, the officer or employee should give 
full information as to ownership and use of the 
vehicle and the instructions under which operated, 
and to courteously request that there be no further 
interference. In case measures are then resorted to 
by state or local authorities to obstruct or prevent 
the proper use of such agencies or instrumentalities 
of the United States, full report will at once be made 
to the Adjutant General of the Army, with a view to 
submitting the matter to the Department of Justice 
for such legal action as it may deem necessary to 
vindicate and make clear the rights of the United 
States in that regard. 

14. The foregoing instructions do not apply to 
motor vehicles owned by officers and others in the 
military service which are used for private purposes. 
Such vehicles come strictly within the laws and regu- 
lations as established by state or other local authori- 
ties. 

15. Never allow a cutout to be used except in 
countries sparsely populated. Keep mufflers repaired 
and in working order at all times. The cutout gives 
less than a fraction of % per cent more power by 
actual test. The noise made when the cutout is open 
or muffler not working properly is a nuisance to every 
one, and in addition, the exhaust of the gases, striking 
the roadway at a point where the rear wheel has at 
that instant agitated the dirt, raises excessive clouds 
of dust, making it disagreeable and dangerous to the 
driver in rear. The practice is a favorite one with 
motorcycle drivers and one which must be suppressed 
by punishinents if necessary, 



MOTOECYCLE TRANSPOETATION. 11 

16. Keep an accurate check on gasoline and lubri- 
cating supplies. It is a favorite practice to use gaso- 
line for many things other than fuel, namely cleaning 
the motor of grease and dirt. Mineral oil serves the 
purpose of cleaning the motor of dirt and grease just 
as well, is far less expensive and more abundant, and 
will not ruin the enamel on a motor body as will 
gasoline. There is also a tendency to dispose of gaso- 
line illegally. The gasoline supply should be placed 
in the immediate charge of a responsible man, desig- 
nated by the company commander. This man should 
make a record of all receipts and issues, showing 
where received from and number of motor to which 
the supplies are issued. Check your warehouse or 
depot receipts with the' issues of the man, as well as 
a record of consumption as taken from the driver 
report. Careful handling of minute details of this 
nature prevents troubles later on of a much larger 
nature. This care of property should extend to all 
tools, machinery and equipment. Make personal checks 
of the property at frequent intervals not only to 
satisfy yourself that your company equipment is com- 
plete, to detect theft and loss, and also to keep the 
equipment in a servicable condition. Many articles 
of the equipment, which you have, meet with a ready 
sale in the market and in the absence of this close 
personal supervision by the company commander you 
will find your property and equipment gradually dis- 
appearing. 

17. Do not allow motors to run while motorcycles 
are at rest. This is a very common practice and diffi- 
cult to stop. Frequently a motor is hard to start, and 
to avoid starting it, a driver will permit his motor to 
run for long periods of time rather than to stop and 
start again. This practice, in addition to wasting gas- 
oline, may result very disastrously in actual field ser- 
vice. Your motorcycle motor is air-cooled and it 
depends largely upon coming in contact with cool air 
to insure proper radiation and cooling. Hence, if the 
motor runs while the motorcycle is standing still, it 
constantly throws off waves of hot air but does not 
come in contact with any cool air and very rapidly 
becomes superheated. Motorcycle motors should never 



12 MOTORCYCLE TEANSPOETATION. 

be run on the stand, or while the motorcycle is stand- 
ing for longer than one minute, and then never at 
an excessive rate of speed. Stamp out this practice 
of running motors on the stand for long periods of 
time under the guise of "testing" the carburetor, etc. 
When motors are tested at the factories, a large elec- 
tric fan forces a current of cool air directly against 
the cylinders as long as they run on the stand. When 
possible, all motors in a -shop undergoing repairs 
should be tested under an electric fan to prevent super- 
heating. 

18. Always remember that your motto should be 
"service". Don't lose sight of the mission of your com- 
pany by getting too much interested in the working 
of the motorcycle mechanism. 

19. The practice of "circus" riding on motorcycles 
should be strictly prohibited. While several "feats" 
are possible on motorcycles, the acquiring of skill 
along these lines should be confined to actual necessi- 
ties in training and qualification tests. 

20. The details of repair and upkeep of motorcycles 
will be found in manuals published by the manufac- 
turers of the motorcycles. These manufacturers will 
gladly furnish you sufficient copies of this pamphlet 
to supply the needs of your company. Very valuable 
pamphlets on the basic principles of gas engines may 
be obtained from the Army Service Schools, Book 
Department, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, at a very 
nominal sum. The pamphlets, furnished by the manu- 
facturers, should be studied very carefully and each 
member of the company should, from this booklet, 
familiarize himself with the working mechanism of 
his machine. It is incumbent upon the company com- 
mander that the principles laid down in this booklet 
be thoroughly understood, properly enforced and car- 
ried out. These booklets are prepared by experienced 
men who have worked with the motorcycle from its 
inception, and have incorporated very valuable infor- 
mation that has been gathered from the motorcycle 
companies that first operated on the Mexican Border 
when the Army motorcycle was in the experimental 
stage. Inspections should be frequently made to see 
that the provisions of the instruction pamphlet are 



MOTORCYCLi: TEANSPORTATION. 13 

being carried out. System can only be used in tliese 
inspections, and the form attached to end of this 
cliapter is recommended for guidance of the company 
commander, together with such additions as he may 
deem necessary to add. In addition to the frequent 
inspection of machines, inspections should be made 
each week in accordance with Army Regulations, of 
all equipment in the company. This inspection should 
be identical with full field equipment inspection pre- 
scribed for line troops. Daily inspections should be 
made of mess, kitchen, tents or barracks and shops, 
also latrines and baths, including surrounding grounds. 

21. Proper and continuous inspection is the most 
efficient way to keep the equipment in proper shape. 

22. Smoking while driving is strictly prohibited. 
It does not increase efficiency and is highly conducive 
to accidents. 

23. Prevent drivers deliberately causing their 
motors to back fire by retarding the spark and alter- 
nately throwing the throttle on and off. It is annoy- 
ing and is harmful to the motor. 

24. Instruct all new drivers on a side car machine, 
and have them later become proficient on the solo 
machine. Have them familiarize themselves with 
driving as many different types of motorcycles as you 
can gain access to. 

25. Create enthusiasm and competition among your 
men by publishing monthly the comparative record of 
cost and milage on each machine. 

26. Carry on instruction in : 
School of the soldier and squad. 
Discipline, salutes, delivering messages. 
Articles of war, crimes and punishments. 
Interior economy, pay, messing. 
Allottments, war risk insurance. 

First aid, physical drills. 
Hygiene and sanitation. 

27. When time permits give instructions in the 
following : 

Trench warfare, bombing, grenade throwing, gas 
work, gas masks, map reading and making, cooking, 
liasson, guard duty. 

28. Hold a driver pecuniarily responsible for avoid- 



14 MOTORCYCLE TRANSPORTATION. 

able accidents. When crossing a railroad track at a 
grade crossing, or at any other dangerous place, sta- 
tion a man during the entire passage of the company 
to insure the safety of the vehicles. 

HOW TO ORGANIZE A MOTORCYCLE COMPANY. 

29. In organizing a motorcycle company, the prin- 
cipal problems involved may be grouped into two 
classes — administrative and mechanical. 

30. First. — Upon receipt of his orders the officer 
who has been designated to organize a motorcycle 
company should assemble his subordinates, namely, 
his cyclemaster, assistant cyclemaster, mechanic and 
assistants, clerk, property sergeant, and mess ser- 
geant. If these men have not been so designated in 
the order, tentative appointments should then and 
there be made, because your orders must be enforced 
through these assistants. Outline your instructions to 
these men now before you and announce your policy. 

31. Quarters. — If quarters have not already been 
assigned to your company, either camp or barrack, 
ascertain the space allotted your company and take 
your subordinates there, point out the section assigned 
to the camp, and locate the park for your motorcycles. 
This park should be adjacent to the camp. Make 
requisition on local quartermaster or train supply 
officer for tentage and bedding, mess and kitchen out- 
fit, and sufficient gas, oil, cup grease, and such other 
supplies as may be necessary for the immediate main- 
tenance of the company for a limited time. Give this 
to your property sergeant ; tell him to take a truck 
and go to the warehouse or depot and draw same. 
Meanwhile instruct the clerk to prepare a ration 
return for your signature, get it approved, turn it 
over to the mess sergeant, give him a truck, and in- 
struct him to go to the subsistence depot and draw 
his rations. During this talk with your executive 
"staff" designate the location of the latrine and bath 
and start construction of same. Explain briefiy the 
requirements as to dress, conduct, cleanliness, and 
sanitation, as well as mechanical operations of motor- 
cycles, speed limits, loading, etc. The clerk should be 



MOTOKCYCLE TEANSPOETATION. 15 

should be told of the importance of the company rec- 
ords, shown what they are, and how to submit them, 
ticable, be set aside for use as an office. The clerk 
should be told of the importance of the company re- 
cords, shown what they are, and how to submit them. 
The mess sergeant should be instructed regarding the 
ration, its components, method of making issues, sales 
and savings, sanitation of his kitchen and mess hall. 
The property sergeant should be impressed with the 
importance of his duties and of requiring a complete 
record of each property transaction, in order that the 
interest of the government, as well as of the captain, 
may be protected. This may best be done by requir- 
ing a signed receipt for everything issued, either to a 
section or to an individual. 

32. This will require the greater part of one day 
and nothing else should be done until the company is 
completely housed and adequate arrangements have 
been made for subsisting the company. If cooks have 
not been found, either secure them or make adequate 
messing arrangements for your personnel. It is no 
use getting all your men till you can take care of 
them. You will, however, probably have to use a 
great deal of speed in all your actions. 

33. Next. — With your cyclemaster, the assistant 
cyclemaster, the mechanic, and the property sergeant, 
proceed to check up the motorcycles and other prop- 
erty with memorandum receipts already received. At 
this time the property sergeant should start his prop- 
erty account on memorandum receipt. Then assign 
assistant cyclemasters to section and drivers to motor- 
cycles, making each driver sign a memorandum receipt 
for his motorcycle and the property pertaining thereto. 
At this time give your instructions to assistant cycle- 
masters and mechanics as outlined elsewhere. Now 
move your motorcycles into the park designated, plac- 
ing them either in line or in column of sections de- 
pending upon the size of the park and the allotted 
terratn. Establish a guard at once to protect both the 
company quarters and motorcycle park. 

34. General Remarks. — Require at least one daily 
roll-calLat which all men are present and answer to 
tlieir naaies,- 4his roll to be called by the cyclemaster 



16 MOTOECYCLE TEANSPOETATION. 

in person, who reports the result to the company 
commander. 

35. Issue orders prohibiting intoxicants in camp. 
Unless orders are given on the subject, soldiers will 
accumulate much excess personal baggage. This must 
be restricted to such small amount as may be carried 
in trunk locker or barrack bag. 

36. The most important requisite, however, is to 
impress on your personnel the sense of organization 
and the duties and responsibilities of each man. The 
cyclemaster and assistants must understand their 
authority and responsibilities, and must be required to 
exercise both. The company commander must utilize 
his time in directing and supervising the general 
work. Unless he requires his subordinates to do their 
proper share of the details, he will not have much suc- 
cess in perfecting his organization. 

DUTIES OF INDIVIDUALS. 

37. The administration of a motorcycle company is 
identical with that of a company, troop or battery. 
The company commander is responsible for the opera- 
tion, supply and discipline of his command. He is 
assisted by the cyclemaster, whose duties are anal- 
ogous to those of a first sergeant. The cyclemaster 
is the executive and sees that all orders or instructions 
are properly carried out. 

38. Each assistant cyclemaster is responsible for 
the discipline of the men of his section, and for the 
proper operation and upkeep of the equipment assigned 
thereto. All orders or instructions to various members 
of a section should be given to the assistant cyclemas- 
ter in charge thereof and he should be held rigidly 
accountable for the condition and operation of his 
section* 

39. The assistant mechanics are under the super- 
vision of the sergeant mechanic, who should be under 
the immediate supervision of the cyclemaster.* They 
perform such mechanical work as the company com- 
mander may direct. 

40. The mess sergeant has general charge of the 
mess, and the cooks are under his supervision. He 



MOTORCYCLE TRANSPOETATION. 17 

has control of all material and supplies for the com- 
pany and. is accountable for their proper issue and 
use. He is assisted in the care and issue of property 
by one of the assistant chauffeurs, or by chauffeur of 
the light truck. The company clerk keeps all records 
of personnel, property and operation, and performs 
such other duties as the company commander may 
require. 

41. One private, 1st class, preferably an unassigned 
driver, should be detailed to have charge of all re- 
ceipts and issues of oil and gasoline and should make 
a daily report to the supply sergeant, showing issues 
to each machine by number. This is essential to the 
proper keeping of the cost record and to prevent gas- 
oline and oil being used for unofficial purposes or 
from being illegally disposed of. 

42. The motorcycles of each section are under the 
direct supervision of the assistant cyclemasters, who 
are held responsible for their repair and upkeep in 
their respective sections. Likewise the mechanic, 
assisted by the assistant mechanics, has general super- 
vision over the mechanism of the motorcycle equip- 
ment, as well as the detailed repair work devolving 
on them. 

43. The various phases of these duties are specified 
in more detail below: 

(a) Duties of Drivers. — He keeps his motorcycle 
and equipment clean and in proper repair and working 
order. In order to do this, he utilizes his spare time 
while not on duty and does not wait until his motor- 
cycle reaches the park after a days work. He should 
be especially cautioned to attend to the proper lubrica-^ 
tion of all parts of the motorcycle mechanism, and to 
promptly report any defects noted and repairs needed. 
Attention should be given to oiling springs and spring 
shackles, rocker arms, bell cranks and joints daily. 
In transporting supplies in side cars, he will see that 
the motorcycle is not overloaded, i. e., that the maxi- 
mum spring load, including driver, is not in excess of 
500 lbs., and that any load is properly secured in 
place, and he will ordinarily be responsible for the 
safe delivery of such load. He should be familiar 
with the mecliaijjsro of his motorcycle and its proper 



18 MOTOECYCLE TEANSPOETATION. 

operation, and for this purpose he should be thor- 
oughly familiar with the contents of instruction book 
issued by the manufacturers of the motorcycle. The 
driver should be required to appear in proper uniform 
at all times when on duty and should be properly 
dressed while driving. It is desirable, if possible, to 
carry a suit of fatigue clothing which should be worn 
when repair work is necessary on the motor, to pre- 
serve the outer uniform clothing. All work in the 
park should be performed in fatigue clothing. 

44. (b) Duties of Assistant Drivers. — He assists 
the driver and relieves him in the care and operation 
of the motorcycle to which he is assigned, unless 
otherwise directed. 

45. (c) Duties of Assistant Gyclemaster. — Each 
assistant cyclemaster is responsible for discipline, 
instruction and all other matters pertaining to the 
personnel of his section, for the operation, repair and 
upkeep of the equipment assigned thereto. He is the 
intermediary between the men of his section and the 
cyclemaster or company commander. His supervision 
extends to all the details connected with his section, 
including police and sanitation of tents and barracks, 
seeing that his men are properly equipped with neces- 
sary articles, including clothing, tools, etc. All orders 
for his section, either to the various members of his 
personnel or to the units of his equipment, should be 
given to him. He should assure himself that his sec- 
tion is in proper condition at all times by making 
regular, frequent and systematic inspections of his men 
and their equipment. He should examine all motor- 
cycles on return from their work and see that drivers 
have taken proper care of same and that proper re- 
pairs are made. In his absence from any cause, an 
acting chief of section should have been previously 
designated in company orders to perform his duty. 

46. (d) Duties of Mechanic and Assistant Me- 
chanics. — The practice in reference to mechanics 
varies in different companies according to local cir- 
cumstances. The mechanic should be held generally 
responsible that proper repairs are made. He is in 
charge of repairs, tools and equipment of . the 
machinjes. He. should sign to . the. property sergeaot 



MOTOECYCLE TEANSPOETATION. 19 

for tools and equipment used in his work, and issue it 
properly to assistant mechanics as he deems advan- 
tageous. He should be held responsible that these 
tools and equipment are properly maintained, and that 
any damages, shortages or losses are properly ac- 
counted for. Normally, he should see that the assis- 
tant mechanics are properly qualified, or if necessary, 
should instruct them in their work. When assistant 
mechanics are assigned to sections, especially if they, 
are detached from the company, the assistant cycle- 
master becomes responsible for the assistant mechanics- 
and they perform their work and duties under him. 
The assistant cyclemaster should, therefore, be fami- 
liar with the instruction book issued by the motor- 
cycle manufacturers, and see that his assistant me- 
chanics are likewise thoroughly familiar with their 
duties. 

47. (e) Mess and Property Sergeant. — He is re- 
sponsible for all supplies and equipment not actually 
issued to individuals. He is, however, responsible 
that all issues of property are properly receipted for 
by individuals to whom issued. He keeps the store- 
room clean and in proper order, and should have a list 
up to date of all property and disposition of same. 
All dealings with the quartermaster or supply officer 
not requiring the personal intervention of the company 
commander should be carried on by him. The second 
lieutenant of the company will normally act as supply 
officer of the company, be accountable for the prop- 
erty thereof, and the mess and property sergeant will 
act under his orders. He has direct charge of the 
mess hall, kitchen and all dealings pertaining thereto, 
including supervision over the cooks and other men 
working therein. He draws the rations, sees that 
they are properly used, makes up bills of fare for the 
mess, sees that the kitchen, mess hall, ration room and 
premises adjacent to the kitchen and mess hall are 
kept in a sanitary condition at all times, and that all 
orders in reference thereto are properly executed. 
His authority to contract debts or expend money from 
the company or other fund should be specifically laid 
down by the company commander, carefully watched 



20 MOTORCYCLE TRANSPORTATION. 

and checked at frectuent intervals by the company 
commander. 

48. (f) Duties of Company Clerk. — He has charge 
of all records, reports and correspondence of the com- 
pany. Other duties for him are prescribed by the com- 
pany commander, according to local conditions. 

49. (g) Duties of Cyclemaster. — He is the first ser- 
geant of the company, and in enlisted companies he 
should so be habitually called. He is the executive 
of the company. He sees that all orders, regulations 
and other requirements are properly carried out; that 
all men perform their duty properly, and reports to 
the company commander any cases of neglect or viola- 
tion of orders requiring disciplinary action. He should 
be a man chosen more for his administrative and 
executive ability and his efficiency in handling men 
than for his absolute mechanical knowledge. The 
mechanic may well be chosen for his ability as a 
mechanic, irrespective of his ability to handle men. 
The first sergeant should be a man of force, as his 
primary duty is to maintain proper discipline for the 
efficient operation of the company. 

50. (h) Duties of Company Commander. — He is 
responsible for everything connected with the opera- 
tion and maintenance of his company. He should 
bear constantly in mind that his company is a trans- 
port organization in the service of the United States, 
and in making all decisions on a course of action, he 
should realize that its mission is determined by that 
fact. In addition to seeing that all the members of his 
command properly perform their duties, the following 
points are noted that call for special attention on his 
part : 

51. Prevent Speeding of Motorcycles. — Publish in 
company orders a speed limit which should be not in 
excess of 20 miles per hour for motorcycles with side 
cars and 25 miles per hour for solo motorcycles, ex- 
cept in cases of emergency. The company commander, 
or in his absence, the cyclemaster, will be the judge 
as to when the emergency exists and will so indicate 
to the drivers. Keep close supervision over this and 
let no offender go unpunished. This is a practice very 
difficult to suppress, and it is very destructive to 



MOTORCYCLE TEANSPOETATION. 21 

motorcycles mechanism, extremely conducive to acci- 
dents, and markedly destructive to discipline. Punish 
all violations of speed regulations with a heavy hand, 
and deal most severely with second- time offenders. 
Motorcycles are built for speed, but it should be used 
only when necessary. Except in emergency cases, 
speed must conform to the speed laws of the locality 
in which the company operates. Any city or county 
oflicial will gladly furnish the company commander 
with copies of their local motor vehicle traffic regula- 
tions. These should be secured, and their contents 
made known to the members of the company upon 
arrival in a new camp, 

52. Many of the states, territories and municipali- 
ties provide for the registration of motor vehicles 
operated within their limits, and impose a special tax 
upon such vehicles through fees for permits, licenses 
or for identification tags. By decision of the United 
States Supreme Court, it is held to be settled law 
that the property of the United States and the instru- 
mentalities whereby it performs its proper govern- 
mental functions, cannot be taxed. All officers of the 
Army are therefore instructed as follows upon this 
subject : 

53. It is not necessary to procure such license to 
cover the use of a motor vehicle owned by the Govern- 
ment, or operated exclusively by officers or employees 
of the Government for official purposes only. The use 
of public funds for the procurement of any license 
for a motor vehicle or for purchase of motor identifi- 
cation tags, supplied by civil authorities, is hereby 
prohibited. If, for their own convenience, local offi- 
cials are willing to provide a license and furnish suit- 
able state identification tags or plates without charge, 
or in no way involving an expenditure, the same will 
be accepted and placed in use with the vehicle for 
which issued, along with the plates furnished by the 
Government, 

ROUTINE, 

54. The following account of the daily routine of a 
motorcycle company assumes that the organization is 



22 MOTORCYCLE TRANSPORTATION. 

operating in a camp as a unit, or is attached to a 
train, brigade or division headquarters. The hours 
for reveille and breakfast should be prescribed to 
conform to those in use by other organizations serv- 
ing in the camp. The nature of the duties of the com- 
pany may require the company commander to pre- 
scribe an earlier hour for reveille and breakfast. 
After breakfast, tents should be rolled up, weather 
permitting, bunks properly made up, and tents thor- 
oughly cleaned. The drivers then proceed to the park 
and see that their motorcycles are in proper condition 
for the day's work. The motorcycles are sent out in 
ample time to arrive at the appointed place for their 
day's work. The responsibility that machines report 
for duty at the proper time and place should be placed 
on the chiefs of section. When a detail requires six 
or more machines at one place, or if the conditions of 
roads and traffic are unduly severe, the assistant cycle- 
master of that section should accompany the detail 
and assume charge. Company commanders should 
make inspections of the machines at work, if possible 
to do so. When a motorcycle returns to the park 
after a day's work, it should be thoroughly gone over 
by the driver and the assistant cyclemaster of his 
section, put the machine in shape for immediate future 
use by making necessary minor repairs, filling tanks, 
etc. All machines should have gas and oil tanks filled, 
lamps filled, if oil is used, full gas tanks if such are 
used, grease cups filled, rocker arms, bell cranks and 
all other parts oiled, and the machine in general 
should be ready for another day's service before park- 
ing for the night. 

55. The filling with gasoline and oil is done under 
the supervision of the man designated by the com- 
pany commander for this purpose. The man so desig- 
nated should be held responsible that proper precau- 
tions are taken to guard against fire. Instructions 
concerning "Fire Orders" will be found in another 
chapter herein, 

56. One roll call, at least, will be made daily by 
the cyclemaster who will report the results to the 
company commander. The object of this roll call is 



MOTOECYCLE TRANSPOETATION. 23 

to account for every member of tlie company's per- 
sonnel and each machine assigned to the company. 

57. All motorcycle drivers leaving the park with 
their machines will be provided with a work card of 
the following general form : 

MOTOECYCLE Co. 

(a ) No.... Date ..-. -. 



( b ) Motorcycle No 

( c) Driver 

( d) Left park - 

(e) Returned to park 

(f) Reported for duty - 

(g) Dismissed from duty 

(h) 

(Signature of officer using motorcycle). 
58. A'oie. — Lines a, h, and c, to be filled in by officer 
under whom the motorcycle has operated during the 
day. Lines d, e, f, to be filled in by driver of motor- 
cycle. Lines g and h to be filled in by assistant cycle- 
master. Drivers will not leave park without first 
having secured one of these work cards. Drivers will 
not report back to park without having work card 
signed by officer using motorcycle. When more than 
one motorcycle leaves the park under the cyclemaster 
or assistant cyclemaster this form will be used by 
the non-commissioned officer in charge, one card for 
each section or portion of section under a non-com- 
missioned officer. 

59. These work cards, after being completely filled 
out and turned in to the section chief, should be filed 
by the company clerk, the cards being filed daily for 
future reference. The company commander should 
determine the length of time these cards should re- 
main on file before being destroyed. 

60. The other routine work is carried on according 
to circumstances that vary so greatly that more 
definite description thereof would be without profit. 

61. Whenever practicable for purpose of instruction 
and discipline and for purpose of making personnel 
available for use in emergencies, a motorcycle company 
should be given general instruction in Infantry Drill 
Regulations up to and including school of the company. 



24 MOTOKCYCLE TRANSPOETATION. 

62. Mechanical Equipment. — The equipment per- 
taining to a motorcycle company consists of two gen- 
eral classes: (a) motor vehicles, spare parts thereof 
and other special motor equipment ; (b) other property 
that is common to all troops, batteries and companies. 

63. (a) Motor Vehicles, Etc. — The motor vehicles 
assigned to a company will be one of the various 
standard manufactured motorcycles approved by the 
quartermaster general. This same condition obtains 
with reference to the trucks assigned to a company. 
The details of this equipment vary according to the 
specific make of motorcycle, and there is no general 
list of equipment that covers all these types. This 
specific list, however, will be given in the invoices or 
other record of property furnished the company com- 
mander when he receives the motor vehicles assigned 
to his company. In addition to this invoice, he should 
procure the printed publications issued by the manu- 
facturer of the motorcycle, which ordinarily include 
detailed instructions as to their care, operation and 
upkeep, and a parts list, giving the serial or manu- 
facturer's number of each part. 

64. All equipment pertaining to each motorcycle 
shall be stenciled with letters and figures, and metal 
parts should be so stamped as to clearly designate 
the motorcycle to which they belong, also the company 
number. 

65. Letters to be 2 inches in height. Letters of 
same height as numerals will appear on both sides 
of gasoline tank in black weatherproof enamel as 
follows: Q. M. C. When side cars are used, the 
numerals indicated above, together with the letters 
Q. M. C, will appear on the side car body in the rear 
center. Tank lettering and numbering will be similar 
to the following : 

66. 301-12 hidian Q. M. C. on left half of tank and 
Q. M. C. Indian 301-12 on the right half. This indi- 
cates Motorcycle Company No. 301, and machine num- 
ber 12 of that company. The lettering on the rear 
center of side car body will be as follows : 

Q. M. C. 
301 
12 



MOTOECYCLE TRANSPORTATION. 25 

67. Machines not assigned to a company but under 
a post or camp commander, will be lettered as above, 
omitting the number of the company, thus having aU 
motorcycles of one camp with a single series of num- 
bers. 

68. When type or design of the vehicle does not 
offer the space designated above for stenciling, the 
lettering shall be placed in the most conspicuous space 
available decided on by the commanding officer. 

69. Motorcycles assigned to headquarters of divi- 
sions and brigades may use the designations : 

5 D, to indicate 5th division. 
3 B, 3rd brigade. 
29, No. 29. 

70. All storm covers, if provided, should be sten- 
ciled as indicated for side car bodies. 

71. Company commanders will personally verify 
the serial number with invoices. 

72. Each company should also keep a list of the 
manufacturer's number of the following parts and 
accessories installed on each vehicle : 

Manufacturer's number of chassis, S. C. 

Manufacturer's number of motor. 

Manufacturer's number of battery. 

Manufacturer's number of magneto. 

Manufacturer's number of each tire. 

Manufacturer's number of each presto-lite tank. 

This is for the purpose of identifying these articles 
if lost or stolen, which is a very common occurrence. 

78. Each member of the company will be assigned 
a number and each article of personal or unit equip- 
ment issued to an individual will be marked with the 
number assigned him. 

74. Articles will be marked as prescribed by exist- 
ing regulations of the War Department. 

75. All articles of general equipment wall be plainly 
marked with the company designation. The letters 
MCG will be used to indicate "Motor Cycle Company," 
in marking articles of personal, unit and general equip- 
ment. Example of marking as follows : 

MCC 18 

will indicate "Motor Cycle Company 18". 



26 MOTORCYCLE TRANSPORTATION. 

70. The number assigned the individual to whom 
equipment is issued will be placed either above or 
below the MCC 18. 

77. In marking articles of ordnance equipmeni. 
marking will be as follows : 

MCC IS 
US 
c56 

78. All marks and numbers will be neatly stenciled 
in black, using standard stencil sets for this purpose. 
Marking with ink, indelible pencil, etc., by individuals 
is strictly prohibited, and the value of the articles 
so mutilated will be charged to the individual. 

79. Articles of equipment which cannot be marked 
by stenciling will be stamped with a steel die, a set 
of which is included in each company equipment. 

80. Kequisitions will be submitted by motorcycle 
company commanders to the supply train commander 
or other supply department at the station where they 
may be serving, and when detached, through the quar- 
termaster of the station or organization to which the 
company is assigned to duty. 

81. Kequisitions must be made on the proper form 
prescribed by each department by which the articles 
specified are supplied, and will be accounted for by the 
supply train supply officer in the manner prescribed 
by Army Regulations for accountabilty of property. 

82. Requisitions for spare parts for motor-propelled 
vehicles will bear on the face of the requisition a 
statement showing the number of each article that is 
needed for immediate repairs and the number that is 
wanted for stock. 

83. Articles lost, damaged or destroyed by careless- 
ness or lack of proper care on the part of the indi- 
vidual to whom issued, or who is responsible therefor, 
will be charged to the individual and the value thereof 
deducted from any pay or allowance which may be 
due at the time of next payment. 

81. Articles which are worn out by fair wear and 
tear, or lost under circumstances which indicate that 
there was no carelessness or neglect on the part of 



MOTORCYCLE TKANSPORTATION. 27 

the person responsible therefor, will be accounted for 
by survey, as prescribed in Army Regulations. 

85. Officers in command of motorcycle companies 
are cautioned that proper care, supervision and fre- 
quent inspection of articles of equipment v^ill be re- 
quired of them. They will also be held to a strict 
accountability for the proper care of all articles of 
equipment. The provisions of the Army Regulations 
in regard to care of property will be enforced. 

PRECAUTIONS AGAINST FIRE. 

86. Gasoline must be handled with care and com- 
mon sense. Gasoline vaporizes easily, and as the 
vapor is heavier than air, it sinks to the ground. 
When filling the gasoline tank, be sure that there are 
no open lights or fire near. If the tank is to be 
filled at night, do not use a flame lamp. Use electric 
flash lamp. Do not use the gasoline funnel for any- 
thing else. 

87. In case of fire do not try to put it out with 
water. The burning gasoline will float and spread the 
fire. Always keep a pail or two of sand handy and 
smother the flame with it. A fire extinguisher should 
also be kept at hand in the shop or in the motorcycle 
park. 

88. In case of a motorcycle catching fire, the first 
think to do, if possible, is to turn off the supply cock 
from the tank to the carburetor and then push the 
motorcycle away from the blazing gasoline on the 
ground. / 

89. Do not let a pool of gasoline drip from the 
carburetor when priming it, as a chance short circuit 
may give a spark that will set it on fire. 

90. Keep all engine parts and under parts of 
vehicle clean, and the gasoline that drips onto these 
parts will soon evaporate, thereby greatly reducing 
the possibility of fire. 

91. A waste can will be kept in shop and in park. 
All oily, greasy, and inflamable waste or rags will be 
placed therein, and not left lying on benches or floor. 
The soiled waste can be washed in gasoline and used 
several times, thereby reducing expenditures if it is 
carefully placed in cans until convenient to clean. 



28 MOTORCYCLE TEANSPOETATION. 

« . 

HOW TO DRIVE. 

92. Keep constantly in mind the fact that a report 
is kept in each company of the expenditures on each 
motorcycle, and that your rapid promotion depends 
upon your efficiency. A driver whose motorcycle 
shows a large expenditure every month not only 
destroys his opportunity for promotion but also places 
himself in a position for reduction. 

93. Never smoke while operating a motor vehicle, 
as a driver's hand should always be in a position to 
meet any emergency, and a sudden gust of wind will 
cause your vision to be obscured by ashes or smoke 
blowing in your eyes. 

94. Sound your horn or other signaling device 
when rounding a corner, going around a standing 
vehicle, or passing a moving vehicle, as little precau- 
tions often prevent serious damage to your motor- 
cycle and injury to yourself. 

95. Never loaf when starting on a trip, as this 
necessitates either speeding to make up lost time or 
arriving at your destination late, and either offense 
marks your efficiency and often prohibits you from 
holding a position of trust. 

96. You will not intrust your life to a man that 
smoked in a room filled with high explosives. Neither 
do your superior officers care to trust a man who 
uses intoxicating liquors with a motor, as he not only 
endangers the safety of the motorcycle and his own life 
but also the lives of his passengers and pedestrians. 

97. It is better to slow down and allow another 
moving vehicle to pass in front of you than to risk 
damage to your car and self. 

98. Obtain a manufacturer's book of instructions 
for the motorcycle which you are driving and follow 
out the instructions as the manufacturer knows the 
requirements of the motorcycle better than you. 

99. A driver shows his inability and lack of exper- 
ience by starting with a sudden jerk and stopping 
within 10 feet by sliding his wheels ; also by sounding 
his horn when unnecessary. 

100. In company driving provide yourself with a 
pair of goggles, as they protect your eyes and avoid 



MOTORCYCLE TEANSPOETATION. 29 

accident by preventing your eyes becoming irritated 
and being unable to see clearly. 

101. Under no consideration allow your fellow 
driver to persuade you to ignore these rules and 
advice, as it is without a doubt the reason he holds 
no higher position than he does. 

102. Learn to shift your gears without looking 
down at your shifting device, as your eyes should be 
on the road in front of you. 

103. In case motorcycle is not provided with chains, 
rope wrapped around the wheels will make a good 
substitute. 

104. Although you may be an experienced driver 
and have confidence that you can handle your motor- 
cycle under any circumstances, always make allow- 
ance for what the other person may do, who may not 
be so well qualified as yourself. 

105. Stop where there is an accident, whether it is 
your fault or not. Render all the assistance possible, 
and as a safeguard get the names and addresses of 
witnesses. This is required by order in "Motorcycle 
Companies". 

106. Excessive sounding of the horn is proof that 
the motorist is a novice. Sometimes, as in the 
presence of a frightened horse, it may be better not 
to use the horn at all. No accepted rules exist in 
regard to the meaning of horn blasts, but it is reason- 
able to assume that prolonged honking indicates that 
the motorcycle behind is going to pass and desires 
a clear road. Do not sound horn except when abso- 
lutely necessary. Careful driving is far superior to 
horn blasts. 

107. Use of Headlights. — Do not use the electric 
headlights turned to the "bright" position when ap- 
proaching or passing a car, or other vehicle, on a* 
narrow road, unless you are traveling in the same 
direction. The light confuses them and may result 
in a serious accident. Headlights should be properly 
adjusted to comply with laws. In many States, glar- 
ing headlights are absolutely prohibited. 

108. See charts for turning corners, passing, and 
other trallic regulations, and be sure you observe the 



30 MOTOECYCLE TRANSPORTATION. 

laws. Figure in dollars and cents, it is cheaper for a 
motorist to be stopped by a highwayman than by an 
officer of the law. Orders in force in "Motorcycle 
Companies" hold driver responsible for accident, 
unless he can show that it was not his fault and that 
he could not possibly have avoided it. 

109. Do not hog the middle of the street. Give 
the other fellow room to go by, and when he attempts 
to pass you do not speed up and perhaps crowd him 
into a safety zone. Rigid rule for motorcycles and 
motorcycle companies is to stay well on right of road. 

110. Never use a cut-out. They are of no use, 
except possibly in high-powered racing cars on track. 

111. Remember that your horn is just a few times 
worse than your cut-out. 

112. In driving over muddy or sandy roads 
endeavor to keep the wheels on one side of solid 
ground if possible. Apply brakes gradually at all 
times. Locking the rear wheel by sudden application 
of brakes tears the tires and places a severe strain 
on the mechanism. The man who is careful on this 
point is very seldom seen making a figure 8 on the 
street when streets are slippery. 

113. Never bring the motorcycle to a stop in deep 
sand, mud, or snow if it can be avoided. It may be 
easy to stop, but remember you have to start again. 

114. In descending a steep grade, when you have a 
heavy load do not depend upon your brakes alone. 
Change to a lower gear, retard the spark, and allow 
your engine to act as a brake or air compressor. The 
motorcycle cannot go faster than the low gear will 
allow it. The brakes can be used to further retard 
the speed if necessary. 

115. Should you be driving individually, — that is, 
not with a company — it is good practice to cut off 
ignition and retard throttle, using only the compres- 
sion in cylinders. As the motor will only be drawing 
air through it, the motor will be cooled. 

116. Inspect your gasoline, oil, and oiling system 
frequently when driving over rough roads. Investi- 
gate all unusual noises about your motorcycle immed- 
iately; you can never tell what it may be or what 



MOTOECYCLE TEANSPOETATION. 31 

serious damage may be done if the trouble is not 
remedied at once. 

117. Do not, under any consideration, race motor 
by coasting fast with gears in mesh. Throw out 
clutcli and allow motorcycle to coast. 

118. Do not become a magneto or carburetor fiend. 
There are a number of other parts of a motor or its 
different system that are more liable to be at fault ; 
look them over first. 

119. Day dreaming is a dangerous practice. Keep 
your eyes to the front, be wide awake at all times. 
It is up to the man behind you to watch your rear, 
and you can save your motorcycle by watching your 
front. 

120. A good motto to adopt in driving a motorcycle 
is to consider the other fellow, whether he be driving 
a motorcycle, car, truck, or wagon, an idiot. He 
may turn across the road ahead of you any moment; 
he may apply his brakes without signal and stop in 
the center of the road. Play "Safety First". 

121. Watch your brakes and keep them adjusted 
and all moving parts lubricated. Some day you may 
need them in a hurry, and, if you take the proper 
care of them, they will respond to the treatment 
and "be there" when you need them. 

122. Do not drive with a slipping clutch. It causes 
the motor to race and heat, the clutch plates (or fac- 
ing) to burn, and impairs the general efficiency of the 
motor. 

123. If your motorcycle loses traction, do not race 
your engine and cause the wheels to spin, until they 
are buried in the sand or mud. Instead, put straw, 
burlap, brush, or any material beneath your wheels 
upon which they may gain traction. If they sink too 
deeply to make this possible, lift them up until they 
are on a level with the roadbed and fill in under 
them with flat stones. 

124. If you come to a stream, first find the deptB 
of the water, and if it is such that it would cover the 
carburetor or the magneto, do not attempt to cross. 
In crossing streams where the water will not quite 
reach the magneto, it is well to cover the magneto to 
prevent it from becoming splashed with water. 



32 MOTORCYCLE TRANSPORTATION. 

125. Before starting on a trip see that gasoline 
tank, oil tank, grease and oil cups are filled. 

126. Inspect your car for leaks in the fuel pipe 
connections or around oil pump, gas and oil tanks. 

127. See that oil pump is in proper working order 
and all oil connections tight. 

128. Before cranking motor, see that change-speed 
lever is in neutral position. 

129. After engine is running, advance spark, and 
retard throttle to idling position. 

130. Next throw out clutch by pressing clutch pedal 
and move gear-shift lever to first-speed position. Engage 
clutch gradually, which will allow the load to be 
picked up slowly and without jerking or injuring the 
car. Before changing to second speed, accelerate 
motor slightly, throw out clutch, and move speed lever 
to second speed position. On going to a higher gear the 
speed of engine should be diminished in relation to the 
speed ratio of the higher gear. 

181. Should the gears clash do not attempt to 
force them in mesh. Let clutch in and then disen- 
gage it and shift gears quickly. This turns the clutch 
shaft and moves gears so the teeth will come in mesh. 
In changing to a lower gear slow car down to the 
lower gear ratio. Do not try to shift to a lower gear 
(which is going at a speed of 10 miles an hour) from 
high gear when you are going 25. You may strip the 
gears. 

132. Most of the damage done to motorcycles by 
drivers can be laid to two causes — ignorance and 
carelessness — and neither will serve as an excuse. 

133. When filling gasoline tank extinguish all lights 
having an open flame and do not have the engine run- 
ning. It is best to strain gasoline through a piece 
of fine cheesecloth instead of chamois, for this reason : 
At times the air is so heavily charged with electricity 
that the static current is induced in everything around 
the car. It needs but a slight friction to produce a 
spark, and a fire is the result. The use of chamois 
skin for straining of gasoline is prohibited. 

134. Never allow your engine to race when changing 
gear. It is a useless and harmful practice which 
marks the ignorant driver. It does not get you any- 



MOTOECYCLE TEANSPOETATION. 33 

where and will soon cause serious damage to the 
whole car from vibration. 

185. In going up grades should your motor labor 
change to a lower gear at once. No good can be 
gained from whipping a tired horse ; he will only fall 
the sooner, and the same rule applies here. 

136. Do not try to show some one what your motor- 
cycle can do by rushing grades or bad places in the 
road on high gear. This places a severe strain on the 
whole motorcycle. If the other fellow happens to be 
a good driver he will not be impressed with your driv- 
ing. Better show how far it will run than how fast. 

1S7. Always change to the gear needed to take you 
up a steep grade before attempting it. Gear changing 
in the center of a steep grade places an added strain 
on all parts of the motorcycle, as it has to pick up 
the load from almost a standstill every time the gears 
are shifted. 

138. Leaky tire valves can generally be cured by 
taking out the insides and wetting the rubber portion 
with the tongue. On screwing in the insides the valve 
will again hold the air pressure. 

139. Leaks around the valve chaplet (winged por- 
tion of valve body where it is inside the tube) can 
generally be closed by using strips from a patch and 
free use of solution. Such leaks are due to valve 
body not entering squarely in rim hole and subjecting 
inner tube to a strain from the edges of the chaplet. 
See that the valve body enters the rim hole squarely 
and can be worked up and down with the fingers 
before putting in the clinch. The valve nut must be 
tight to the rim at all times after inflation to prevent 
creeping. 

140. Advantage can be taken of rising ground 
(knolls, embankments, etc.) in making tire repairs 
by running the machine upon the same so that the 
weight will be taken off the injured tire. 

141. Spread cloth or coat on ground close to man 
making tire repairs. All tools not in immediate use 
should rest on this cloth. When tube is removed it 
should be placed on cloth to prevent injury by dirt or 
grit. After affecting a repair, all tools used should 
be counted in. order to prevent loss. The tools on the 



34 MOTOECYCLE TEANSPORTATION. 

cloth will keep them in sight at all times and facili- 
tate counting. 

142. Taking Corners with Side Car Comhination. — 
Right Hand Corner — ^Approach turn at reduced speed. 
Press down clutch pedal on entering turn, swing han- 
dlebars to left and immediately engage clutch and 
give throttle. The combination will pivot on the 
side car wheel and proceed in the new direction with- 
out lifting the side car. Too much speed on entering 
a right hand turn will cause the side car to lift off the 
ground and may result in an upset. 

143. Left Hand Corner. — ^Approach turn at reduced 
speed. Close throttle and swing handlebars to right, 
using the clutch and brake if necessary. The outfit 
will pivot on the motorcycle. Open throttle as the 
turn is completed and proceed as before. 

144. Greater care in taking corners must be taken 
with an empty side car than with one having a pas- 
senger or load of goods. 

145. Use the proper oil for your motor. Motor 
truck oil is generally not fit for use in motorcycle 
motors and may cause damage to the bearings. 

146. Indian and Harley-Davidson clutches run dry. 
They don't need oil, so don't put any on them, except 
as per instruction books. Oil causes slipping. 

147. Have your goggles with you and don't hesi- 
tate to use them. They protect your eyes and pre- 
vent accidents by your getting dust in the eyes and 
not seeing in time. 

148. An injection of gasoline on an oily brake band 
will cure brake slipping. 

149. Taping the spark plug and cable terminals 
will prevent short circuiting through water or rain. 
A section of small rubber hose or a nursing bottle 
nipple are also effective in the same places. 

150. Light slushing oil or petrolatum put on bright 
parts of the motorcycle will prevent rusting. This 
does not apply to the motor. 

151. Keep tires properly inflated at all times. 
Clean out all cuts with gasoline and put in tire putty 
or filler. Examine the patches in the tire kit from 
time to time to see that they will be in condition for 
use if needed. Repair all punctures promptly. 



MOTOECYCLE TRANSPOETATION. 35 

EXTRACTS FROM BRITISH ARTICLES. 
What the D. R. Should Know. 

152. Ideally, the despatch rider should know not 
only how an army is organized into army corps, divi- 
sions, brigades, and all the numerous smaller forma- 
tions but he should know by name, and if possible, by 
sight, all the generals, chief staff officers, heads of 
departments, and commanders of units throughout his 
division. This was a knowledge, which, in his case, 
had to be acquired here and there among the vicissi- 
tudes of strenuous and dangerous work in the field. 

153. But though despatch riding has lost much 
of its excitement owing to the stationery conditions 
of warfare, these conditions are not likely to last 
indefinitely, and with the army once more on the 
move, the work of keeping touch between units on the 
march will again fall mainly to the despatch riders. 
Consequently, there is just the same need now as at 
the outbreak of war for choosing the right stamp of 
man for the work and advantage is being taken of the 
opportunity of giving despatch riders a thorough train- 
ing before they go abroad. 

154. Men from eighteen to twenty-five years of 
age are the most suitable ; men over thirty are not- 
usually as good as younger men, and are said quickly 
to deteriorate. They should be intelligent, well edu- 
cated (if possible, linguists), and possess plenty of 
dash and initiative. They should have had a thor- 
oughly practical motorcycling experience on medium 
powered machines, and be able to ride really well, and 
should thoroughly understand the working of their 
mounts. 

155. After this six weeks course a despatch rider 
should be proficient in : 

(a) Care of his machine. 

(b) Map reading and committing routes to 
memory. 

(c) Riding or driving a car or motorcycle. 

(d) Ordinary mechanical repairs to petrol engines 
and magnetos. 

(e) General knowledge of army work. 



36 MOTOECYCLE TKANSPOETATION. 

CARE AND UPKEEP 

1. Keep all parts of vehicle clean. Grease and oil 
collects dust and grit which cuts bearing and all mov- 
able parts. Mere external washing or hosing will not 
do. Dirt must be scraped off if necesary. This thor- 
ough washing and cleaning denotes the interest and 
pride the driver takes in the upkeep and appearance 
of his motorcycle. 

156. Eliminate all squeaky and rattling noises, as 
a little oil or tightening of a bolt or nut not only will 
save the wear and breakage of same (which means 
eventually work on the driver's part of replacing 
parts), but also removes a source of annoyance. 

157. Whenever you have your motorcycle out on 
duty and are waiting for orders, employ your spare 
time in looking after the adjustments to your motor- 
cycle. Utilize the first half to turn down all grease 
cups; other halts to tighten certain bolts, put in 
screws, or do the many minor adjustments to keep 
your motorcycle and equipment in absolutely A No. 1 
shape. Then when you return to the park in the even- 
ing your motorcycle will be all fixed up and you will 
not have to do hurried or night work to get it in 
shape. Keep your motorcycle in perfect condition at 
all times. 

DONT'S TO PREVENT TROUBLE. 

158. Do7i't Forget: 

That your position and pay depends upon satisfac- 
tory service. 

Your lubricating and fuel systems. 

That a squeak from your car means oil needed. 

To test your batteries every w^eek with a hydro- 
meter and in that way make sure your battery is 
■ properly charged ; also examine the plates to see if 
they are covered with distilled water. 

Don't run without oil. "A word to the v>^ise is 
sufficient". 

Don't start to crank engine until sure change-speed 
lever is in neutral position. 



MOTORCYCLE TEAN SPORT ATION. Zl 

159. Don't: 

Mix different grades of oils. 

Put lubricating oil on a leather-faced clutch. 

Run with the spark retarded. 

Coast downhill at high speed. 

Overload. 

Overspeed ; "slow, but sure," is the motto. 

Try to speed through bad roads ; it will be lost 
time in the end. 

Race with another motorcycle. 

Tijrn corners at high speed. 

Let the motors race when the motorcycle is stand- 
ing; a few minutes will do more damage than many 
miles of hard driving. 

Leave the motorcycle with the engine running. 

Let the clutch in suddenly; always engage it 
easily. 

Start or stop with a jerk. 

Put a new chain on a badly worn sprocket. 

Leave your extra tires exposed to the weather. 

See how close you can come to the other fellow's 
vehicle ; keep a safe distance. 

Drive fast past schoolhouses or other places where 
children are liable to dart out in front of you. 

Forget the condition of your brakes. 

Forget you do not own the highways ; others may 
care to use them. 

Forget the "man at the wheel" is responsible for 
anything that happens. 

Forget to use your brakes sparingly, and to adjust 
them when loose. 

Take chances; remember you are intrusted with 
property valued in hundreds of dollars. 

Forget the rules of the road, also traffic regulation. 
Ignorance of the law excuses no one. 

Stop the motorcycle in mud, deep sand, or w^et 
clay; you need traction to start again. 

Under any conditions let the engine labor. 

Examine carburetor or gasoline tank or engine 
with an open light ; use flash light. 

Smoke while filling or examining gasoline tank, 



38 MOTORCYCLE TRANSPORTATION. 

Think you know it all ; others know something 
too; hence we all can teach and learn something of 
mutual value. 

Forget that the orders from a superior must be 
obeyed. 

Neglect the noises which indicate coming trouble, 
and, above all, don't forget that there is always 
another man more capable than yourself ready to 
take your job if you don't do it satisfactorily. 

TACTICAL FORMATIONS. 

160. The tactical formations required of a motor- 
cycle company may be classed generally as formations 
for road, park, and inspection. 

(a) Road Formations. — The normal road formation 
is column of motorcycles with 10 yards distance be- 
tween motorcycles, giving the motorcycle company a 
road space of 320 yards. The distance between motor- 
cycles may be increased or decreased at the discretion 
of the company commander according to conditions of 
the march and road. The distance between motor- 
cycles should not, however, be less than 5 yards and 
then only for very slow rates of speed. Whenever the 
company halts, the motorcycles should close up to 
one yard distance without command. 

161. Park Formations. — The company may be 
parked either in line, double line, column of sections, 
or exceptionally in column or corral. 

162. Line. — Motorcycles are in line normally with 
1 yard interval between motorcycles. A greater or less 
interval may be ordered by the company commander 
according to parking space available. 

163. Column of Sections. — Sections are in line, 
with interval of 2 yards between motorcycles and 
distance of 10 yards between sections. These dis- 
tances and intervals may be varied at the discretion 
of the company commander. . 

164. Column or Corral. — (a) Column: This method 
of parking is used only where sufficient lateral space 
is not available for one of the other formations. This 
would be the case when the company is in bivouac 
along a road not permitting a line formation. In this 
case, the distance between motorcycles should be re- 



MOTOECYCLE TEANSPOETATION. 39 

duced to a minimum, not over 1 yard at the most, 
(b) Corral: The motorcycles may be parked so as 
to form a closed corral for defense. This is an 
exceptional method and very rarely resorted to. (c) 
Formation for Inspection : The formation for inspec- 
tion will be either in line or in column of sections. 
Interval between motorcycles 2 yards. Distance be- 
tween sections 10 yards. 

165. Position of "Prepare for Inspection." — ^Men 
will stand at attention, driver one foot from front 
wheel hub on side of driver's seat. Assistant cycle- 
master in the corresponding position with the driver 
but on the opposite side of the right motorcycle in 
his section. 

166. Spare drivers, S. C. men, and mechanics in a 
position corresponding to that of the driver but on the 
opposite side of the motorcycle in which they ride. 
Cyclemaster in line on right of the rank. Company 
commander one yard in front of his motorcycle which, 
when the company is in line, will be the leading motor- 
cycle, and when in column of sections will be 10 
yards in front of the center of the 1st section. 

167. All articles of personal equipment will be 
displayed on the shelter half, two yards directly in 
front of the man to whom they belong. ( See Infantry 
Drill Regulations for manner and order of displaying 
each article ) . 

168. Motorcycle equipment, such as tools, pumps, 
etc., will be displayed on the ground opposite the right 
center of the shelter half. All tool boxes and other 
receptables will be open to show interior. Seat 
cushions, if detachable, will be raised for inspection. 
Machines will be raised on their stands to permit 
whirling of wheels for inspection. 

169. The duties of advance guards are as follows: 

(a) Advise police on point duty of the approach 
of the column. 

(b) Act as police at dangerous corners or places 
while the column is passing and indicate the direct 
route. 

(c) Arrange for billets or feeding for the column. 

(d) Arrange for and select suitable standing room 
for the care of the column. 



40 MOTOECYCLE TEANSPOETATION. 

170. The advance guard will be under the orders 
of an M. C. officer or N. C. O. who will detail men for 
various duties on completion of which they should 
proceed to rejoin the advance guard. 

VISUAL AND WHISTLE SIGNALS. 

171. "Attention". — One long blast of whistle. 
Drivers stand one foot from front wheel hub on side 
of drivers seat, (left) ; eyes in direction of section 
chief. Supernumerary drivers, mechanics, and assis- 
tants in corresponding position on opposite side of 
motorcycle on which they ride. Assistant cycle- 
master 3 yards in front of center of his section, if in 
line ; 3 yards in front of and 1 yard on left of flank 
of his section, if in column. Cyclemaster 6 yards in 
front of center of company, if in line; same relative 
position in front of his section when in column of sec- 
tions, and 3 yards in front and 1 yard on right flank 
of leading motorcycle, if in column. Company com- 
mander 1 yard in rear of cyclemaster as the latter 
faces the company. 

172. "Start Motors". — Raise either hand to a verti- 
cal position, arm extended to full length, and describe 
small circle, moving the hand in a horizontal plane. 
Drivers start their motors; as soon as the motor has 
started, see that the starter crank has returned to 
its proper place and is latched therein if a latch is 
provided. Drivers remove machines from stand, if 
solo, and mount the saddle. Mounting the saddle indi- 
cates to the cyclemaster that the driver is ready to 
move out. Drivers, after mounting, keep their eyes 
on the cyclemaster until the move is indicated. Me- 
chanics, assistants, side car men and others mount at 
the same time as the driver. Assistant cyclemasters 
face their sections until all motors are started, then 
face the front. 

173. "Halt". — Hold arm fully extended in vertical 
position. When column is halted, motorcycles close up 
to a distance of 1 yard. In moving out from any 
formation, motorcycles follow in column at 15 yards. 
This is the normal distance for a moving column unless 
otherwise specified by the company commander. 



MOTOECYCLE TEANSPOETATION. 41 

174. "Stop Motors". — Extend arm to full length in 
a vertical position and move the hand from right to 
left and reverse very rapidly. Hand should move 
about 6 inches. Drivers shift gears into neutral and 
stop their motors, set their brakes, dismount and stand 
by the front wheel in position described for inspection. 
Assistant cyclemasters move to a position where they 
are able to observe signals from the cyclemaster. If 
the company is to remain at a certain halt for some 
time the command "fall out" should be given. 

175. In this connection it should be noted that the 
signal to "halt" does not require motors to be stopped. 
If a halt is to be followed by a rest of any duration, 
the signal for halting should be either combined with, 
or immediately followed by, the signal "stop motors". 

176. (See page 42.) 

177. The camp of a motorcycle company should 
approximate the above as far as local conditions per- 
mit. A distance of 3 yards is sufficient to enable a 
motorcycle to enter or leave the line, and that is the 
minimum distance allowable. 

178. The ground used for the park should have a 
resistant soil, either graveled, macadamized, or paved. 

179. During road marches, it is often preferable 
to bivouac on the road, to avoid taking the motor- 
cycles on the soft soil of fields. In such cases, two 
general procedures are possible: 

(a) Where roadway is sufficiently wide, or has 
practicable sides, place the motorcycles perpendicular 
to the roadway with front wheel toward the roadway, 
clearing the roadway as much as possible. If the 
space on either side of roadway is sufficient, the com- 
pany may thus be drawn up in two lines on either side 
of road. 

(b) Where the road is not sufficiently wide for 
above, the train should be closed up in column of 
motorcycles with 1 yard distance at most between 
motorcycles and placed as far to the right of the 
roadway as possible, leaving sufficient room on road- 
way to allow free passage of other vehicles. 

180. In each of the above cases, care should be 
taken to leave a clear passageway for passing vehi- 
cles. Precautions should also be taken to prevent 
accident from such vehicles. This may be done by 



42 



MOTOECYCLE TRANSPOETATION. 






o 

a 

o 
o 

a 
?-i 
O 

-1-3 

o 



i — -I s 



3 a 




•i-i 



r-3— -J 

L -» 



MOTOECYCLE TRANSPORTATION. 43 

leaving lanterns or lights on end motorcycles and 
by stationing sentinels at both ends of the line or 
column to warn passing vehicles and to make them 
take a moderate rate of speed while passing the motor- 
cycles. 

181. The normal •camping rules as to sanitation 
should be rigidly enforced. All refuse should be 
burned or buried. Soils should not be pointed. This 
is especially necessary where the bivouac is made 
along the highway. 

182. Except w^hen in permanent camp where pyra- 
midal tents are used, the men will sleep on ground 
nearby — the use of regular shelter tents is super- 
fluoift in warm weather. Shelter halves may be 
stretched across from one machine to another securing 
corners on handle bars, saddles and guards. This 
method furnishes ample protection in warm weather 
and also serves to protect the motorcycles from dew. 

183. Daily Inspection and Upkeep. — On arrival at 
camp or bivouac drivers will make a thorough inspec- 
tion of their motorcycles, under supervision of assis- 
tant cyclemasters, and all possible repairs will be 
made. In case of impossibility of repairing a motor- 
cycle the company commander decides as to the dis- 
position of the motorcycle and its cargo. If the com- 
pany arrives late at night in the darkness it is advis- 
able, conditions so permitting, to make this inspection 
and repair on the following morning before leaving 
camp. 

184. — Replenishment of Gasoline, Oil, Grease, 
Etc. — ^As soon as motorcycles get into camp or bivouac 
they should be replenished with the above supplies. 
By reason of the danger of fire the gasoline tanks 
should be filled during daylight. If this is impracti- 
cable, due to late arrival of the company, the company 
commander decides, according to the special circum- 
stances, whether to put off this until following morn- 
ing or to fill in the dark. In the latter case great 
precaution should be taken. Electric lights of the 
motorcycles or flash lights should be used. There 
should always be sufficient number of fire extin- 
guishers handy and several pails of sand or soft earth 
to smother any gasoline fire that may start. If Ian- 



44 MOTOECYCLE TEANSPOETATION. 

terns are in vicinity tliey should be hung high up, 
so that they will not ignite gasoline vapors, which, 
being heavier than air, sink to the ground. 

185. The rule to l3e enforced, unless conditions 
absolutely prevent, is to have all motorcycles filled 
with gasoline and oil and ready to start as soon as 
possible after reaching camp. Do not put off anything 
to the next day if you can possibly avoid it. 

186. Oil for Transmission. — The same grade of oil 
used for motor lubrication is best suited for the trans- 
mission. Keep the transmission filled to the level 
of the filler cap. Do not use a semi-liquid or hard 
oil. The oil level should be inspected each weelj and 
oil added when necessary. 

ROAD AND ROUTE MARCHING. 

187. Order of March. — The order of sections in 
column should ordinarily alternate daily. The trucks 
should be in rear of train. The company commander 
rides wherever he judges his presence necessary, but 
it is especially in rear that he will be best placed to 
render his supervision efficient. The cyclemaster 
rides wherever the judgment of the company com- 
mander dictates. The assistant cyclemasters ride in 
various positions in their sections where they can 
most efficiently conduct the operation of their sec- 
tions. The chief mechanic rides in rear. The assis- 
tant mechanics may ride either on the trucks or may 
be placed in side cars in the two forward sections of 
the column. 

188. Distance Bettveen Vehicles. — Except on very 
dusty roads or those with heavy grades, where greater 
distances may be taken, the vehicles should be about 
15 yards apart. Due to variations in skill of drivers, 
these distances will vary, but the leading vehicle 
should normally slow down after climbing a slope so 
that the company will not spread out too much. In 
some cases, after climbing or descending a difficult 
slope, the leading vehicle should stop to allow the 
company to close up. 

189. Rate of March. — This depends on condition of 
road, the amount and nature of load carried, as well 



MOTOKCYCLE TEANSPOETATION. 45 

as to other incidents of the march. The leading 
motorcycle should rarely take the maximum author- 
ized speed for the vehicle, as motorcycles in rear will 
have to exceed that in order to keep up. This maxi- 
mum speed is 25 miles per hour for a solo and 20 miles 
per hour for a motorcycle and side car. The speed 
should be as regular as possible, so that all motor- 
cycles may keep their distances without speeding. 
Never allow individual motorcycles to exceed author- 
ized speed limit. 

190. March Discipline. — Vehicles must always keep 
well on the right of the road. This is especially neces- 
sary in operating on roads in field service. This re- 
quirement must be rigidly enforced. The driver of 
each motorcycle personally or by means of some one 
riding in side car, should keep in touch with the 
motorcycle in rear, so that if any halt is made he can 
do likewise and give proper signal to motorcycle in 
front. Under no circumstances should a company 
spread out on the road. This should be a constant 
preoccupation of all in authority in the company. If 
a motorcycle stops, the entire company should stop. 
The company commander or the cyclemaster, if so 
authorized, should ascertain the time required for the 
repair and nature of same. The company commander 
will promptly decide whether to halt the company 
until the repair is completed, leave the motorcycle 
and sufficient personnel to make repair, to later rejoin 
company, tow the motorcycle, or to shift load and 
abandon motorcycle. This decision will rest on the 
nature of the duty on which company is engaged, the 
distance to new camping place, or the urgency of the 
duty on which company is engaged. The company 
commander, in deciding such cases, must remember 
that "service" is the mission of the company, and that 
it is no disgrace to abandon a motorcycle whose 
mechanism has broken down. This point of service 
is one that the company commander should constantly 
bear in mind, as his subordinates, especially if civilian, 
are generally more interested in the mechanism of the 
motorcycle and are apt to lose sight of the purpose of 
the train in their interest in the mechanism or in 



46 MOTOECYCLE TRANSPORTATION. 

"demonstrating" the perfection of the particular type 
of motorcycle assigned to the company. 

191. No motorcycle should be allowed to pass ahead 
of another without express order of the company com- 
mander. If a motorcycle halts, all in rear will halt, 
and will not move ahead unless ordered by competent 
authority. The company should not ordinarily pass 
a column marching in same direction without agree- 
ment with commander of that column. The senior 
officer of the units will decide the action to be taken. 
If the motorcycle company is to pass, it is preferable 
for the other column to halt during the passage, espec- 
ially if composed of marching troops. The same rules 
hold in case the company crosses the line of march of 
another column. 

192. Road Difficulties. — These are due to the nature 
of the road surface, the grades, or natural obstacles 
encountered. 

193. In muddy roads it may be necesary to use 
chains on the traction wheels. 

194. In case a motorcycle has gotten across a mud- 
hole safely, it is often advisable to attach a suffi- 
ciently long towing line to the other motorcycle and 
haul them through by utilizing a motorcycle working 
on hard ground. Similarly it will often be advisable 
to haul a motorcycle out of mud or sand in the same 
way. 

195. Do not let motorcycle wheels revolve uselessly, 
as that simply serves to dig them in deeper. In get- 
ting motorcycles through sand or mud, the greater 
part depends on the practical genius of the members 
of the company. 

196. In going up or down steep grades, or crossing 
streams, be careful to keep motorcycles far apart, to 
avoid any possible accident. Brakes should not be 
relied on wholly, but the gear should be set in first 
speed and the motor used as a brake. 

197. Halts. — ^About one-half hour after starting, 
the column is halted to allow a brief inspection of the 
mechanism, and for the same purposes as a column 
of troops is likewise halted. Thereafter a halt of 
10 minutes every 2 hours to rest the drivers and allow 
a brief inspection of the motorcycles. Ordinarily, 



MOTOECYCLE TRANSPOKTATION. 47 

however, it will be found tliat these two-hourly halts 
are unnecessary, as there will be several halts be- 
tween these hours due to mechanical or other trouble. 

198. Whenever the train halts, rigidly enforce the 
rule to stop motors, this takes constant correction 
by the cyclemaster and assistants. It is extremely 
difficult to train drivers to thus stop the motors. The 
failure to do so, however, causes an excessive expendi- 
ture of gasoline, which in a company with inexper- 
ienced personnel, may seriously embarrass its func- 
tioning by the gasoline supply being exhausted before 
the time counted on. 

199. It is usual to make a midday halt of from 
30 minutes to 1 hour duration to permit a lunch to be 
eaten, to rest the driver, and to make a more extended 
inspection of motorcycle mechanism. Do not make 
the noon halt too long, as it is better to get into camp 
early than to use up time on the road, and thus get 
into camp after dark. It will also be found that if 
the halt is long the men are apt to take naps, and 
thus will be half asleep and careless during the 
afternoon drive. Give them some hot food and a big 
cup of hot black coffee and they will drive as well in 
the afternoon as in the forenoon. 

200. Daily Marches. — The normal daily march for 
a motorcycle company is 150 miles. This may be in- 
creased when the roads are excellent, or if conditions 
are very favorable. It likewise may be decreased if 
conditions are the opposite. 

201. Do not run after dark if not absolutely neces- 
sary ; running at night is difficult, fatiguing, and very 
conducive to accident. 

NOTES ON WORK AT DEPOT AND BASE 
TRANSPORTING SUPPLIES. 

202. The nature of the transportation duties of a 
motorcycle company may be roughly classed into depot 
work and route work. In depot work the motorcycle 
company does not operate as a unit, but the motor- 
cycles work singly or by detachments, and are 
normally on runs permitting all motorcycles to park 



48 MOTOECYCLE TEANSPOETATION. 

nightly in the company camp. In route work, the 
company operates as a unit. 

203. Depot Work. — In this service motorcycles are 
ordinarily detailed to various warehouses and supply 
points, and are worked under various foremen, as far 
as the supplies transported and messenger work are 
concerned. The company commander's responsibilities 
extend simply to seeing that motorcycles are furnished 
and are properly operated. 

204. It may happen, however, that he will be called 
upon to map out the transportation system and super- 
intend its operation. The following procedure is 
therefore described, and while it assumes the opera- 
tion of several companies, suitable changes may be 
made either to limit it to one company or to conform 
to local conditions. 

205. There should be a man permanently detailed 
as motorcycle dispatcher. He is assisted by an assis- 
tant cyclemaster, taken by roster from the motor- 
cycle companies on duty. These men are continuously 
on duty from 6 :30 a. m. to 8 :30 p. m. The dispatcher 
sleeps in the dispatcher's office within sound of the 
telephone. 

206. Orders for motorcycles are received from the 
following sources: 

(a) Permanent work detail for depot or base 
quartermaster and other authorities. 

(b) Special daily orders from depot or base quar- 
termaster sent out in writing by depot or base quar- 
termaster. 

(c) Other proper calls received in writing. 

(d) Telephone or calls made in person. 

207. Each evening the dispatcher makes out writ- 
ten order for motorcycles on the various companies 
to fill the work details for the next day. There is 
certain work, involving delivery routes, that is perma- 
nently assigned certain motorcycles. Other regular 
classes of work are dbne by each company according 
to roster so as to equalize work. 

208. In a similar manner each motorcycle company 
takes its turn by roster to be on duty to answer special 
calls. 

209. All orders for motorcycles, except the regular 
details of the depot quartermaster (which are re- 



MOTORCYCLE TEANSPORTATION. 49 

ceived in typewritten form), are entered on the daily- 
blotter. 

210. Each order for motorcycle is made out in trip- 
licate. The copies are signed by the cyclemaster or 
assistant, and one copy is retained in book. The 
remaining two copies are taken by the cyclemaster, 
one for his own company record, the other for the 
driver of the motorcycle or man in charge of the 
group of motorcycles responding to the order. 

211. When the motorcycle is sent out from the 
company the driver or man in charge signs the copy 
retained by the company, and has his copy signed by 
the person to whom the motorcycles are ordered to 
report. He turns in his copy to his company on liis 
return. 

212. Each company keeps a daily work record of 
the company. In this way accurate record can be kept 
of the whereabouts of each motorcycle and the num- 
ber available at any particular time. 

213. The two forms used by the dispatcher are 
drawn up so as to absolutely fix responsibility for any 
failure of motorcycle to properly report. The signa- 
ture of person to whom motorcycle is directed to re- 
port is designed to prevent a motorcycle being taken 
by some one other than the person intended, a pro- 
ceeding very common. 

USEFUL MOTORCYCLE DATA. 

214. Consumption of Gasoline and Oil. — The con- 
sumption of gasoline and oil varies according to road 
conditions, experience of drivers, train discipline, and 
other incidents of service. The following figures show 
the average consumption as taken from various motor- 
cycle company records. In figuring gasoline and oil 
for a trip, especially with a newly organized company, 
due allowance therefor should be made. 

215. Consumption in miles per gallon : 

Machine. Gasoline. Oil. 

Indian solo 45 330 

Indian and side car 34 285 

Harley Davidson solo........ 46 860 

Harley Davidson and side; car.... 35 780 



50 MOTOBCYCLE TRANSPORTATION. 

These records are from results obtained on the 
Mexican border with extremely sandy roads and hot 
climate. 

216. The consumption of other lubricants, as well 
as the proper kind to be used, vary with type of 
motorcycle and service in which engaged. The best 
plan is to consult the instruction book issued by the 
motorcycle manufacturer, which will fully cover 
these points. 

217. Repaid' Parts. — The stock of repair parts 
needed varies with the nature of the duties of the 
company, nature of country operated over, distance 
from bases of supply, and the make and type of motor- 
cycle. No general figure can be given, as the variation 
is so great. A certain stock of spare parts will 
ordinarily be issued as portion of the train equipment. 
However, at any base from which a company is operat- 
ing, there will be normally a supply stock and a repair 
branch, where will be found a personnel sufficiently 
experienced to give such information if the personnel 
of the company itself does not possess the requisite 
knowledge. 

218. Diinensions and WeigMs: 

Indian Side Car Combination — 1917 Model. 

Length over all , 90 inches. 

Width over all, 71 inches (axle in) ; 84 inches 
(axle extended). 

Weight of motorcycle, military (U. S.) equipment, 
370 pounds. 

W^eight of side car, military (U. S.) equipment, 206 
pounds. 

Total weight of combination, 576 pounds. 

Length over all of side car, 57 inches. 

Width over all of side car, 45 inches (axle in). 

(Detached from motorcycle). 

RECORDS. 

219. The records of a motorcycle company pertain 
to personnel, property and operation. 

220. Personnel Records. — ^These are the same as 
those for a troop, battery,. or company. A list thereof 



MOTOECYCLE TEANSPOETATION. 51 

is given below. These records are kept according to 
instruction printed thereon. 

221. Property Records. — Each Company keeps its 
own account of property held on memorandum re- 
ceipt from supply-train property officer. The neces- 
sary records for these property accounts are enum- 
erated herewith. They are kept according to instruc- 
tion printed therewith. 

222. Motorcycle Operation Records. — These include 
reports of operation of motorcycle companies, cost re- 
ports, and reports of change or condition of motor 
material. The various reports and method of keeping 
same are show:n in notes which follow. 

223. Miscellaneous Records. — In addition to the 
above, the records and publications show^n should be 
procured and kept by each motorcycle company. 

RECORDS OF PERSONNEL. 

224. A Service Record (Form No. 29, A. G. O.) 
will be prepared in the case of each member of the 
company, whether enlisted or civilian. On this service 
record will be entered all data necessary for a com- 
plete history of the man. The same care will be exer- 
cised in keeping this record complete for civilian em- 
ployees as for enlisted men. 

225. Monthly Returns (Forms Nos. 30, A. G. O., 
and 434, Q. M. C.).— For enlisted companies. 

226. Muster Rolls (Form No. 61-61a, A. G. O.).— 
Instructions on this form to be strictly complied with. 
For enlisted companies only. 

227. Record of Service (Form No. 174, Q. M. C). — 
For companies with civilian personnel. 

228 Records of Court-Martial (Form No. 594, A. 
G. O.). 

229. Morning Reports (Form No. 332, A. G. O.). 

230. Sick Reports (Form No. 339, A. G. O.). 

231. Duty Rosters (Form No. 342, A. G. O.). 

232. Pay Rolls (Form No. 366-306a, W. D., Q. M. 
C). — For enlisted companies (Form No. 334-334a, 
Q. M. C. will be used for civilian personnel). Rolls 
to be prepared in triplicate, one copy being retained 
for record. 



52 MOTOBCYCLE TRANSPORTATION. 

233. Correspondence Book (See List A). — To be 
supplemented by a document file. To be kept as indi- 
cated by instructions contained therein. 

RECORDS OF PROPERTY. 

284. Property Book. — Forms used in connection 
with property account ; Forms Nos. 200, 201, 203, 205, 
208 and 210; also Reports of Survey Form No. 196, 
A. G. O. (List A) when they cover this class of prop- 
erty ; instructions contained on blank forms and in 
Circular 38, Q. M. G. O., 1913, revised (List B). 

235. Individual Property Account. — ^A record of 
property in the personal possession of the members 
of the organization will also be kept on proper form. 
(This covers ordnance as well as quartermaster prop- 
erty). Binders for Forms Nos. 200 and 501, Q. M. C, 
can be obtained on requisition Form No. 160 Q. M. C. 

236. Clothing. — ^A record of clothing issued will be 
kept. (Check against service method). 

237. Requisitions, Shipping Orders and Waybills, 
Etc. — A retained file of these papers should be kept. 

238. Ordnance Returns. — Ordnance will be held on 
memorandum receipt from train supply officer, if con- 
sistent. 

239. Signal Return. — Signal property will be held 
on memorandum receipt from post or camp supply 
officer, if consistent. 

240. — Engineer Return. — Engineer property will be 
held on memorandum receipt from post or camp 
supply officer, if consistent. 

241. Company Council Book (Form No. 452, Q. M. 
C). — ^A record of all receipts and disbursements per- 
taining to the company to be supported by vouchers 
in accordance with printed instructions therewith. 

RECORDS OF OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE. 

242. A record will be kept in each company of all 
motor-driven vehicles assigned thereto (Model "A" 
following). This record will show the United States 
number and serial number of each vehicle. In addi- 
tion to this there will be kept a record of each motor 



MOTOSCfCLE TBANSPOEl'ATlON. 53 

number, battery number, tire numbers, presto tank 
numbers, etc., showing to which vehicle they are 
assigned. Changes will be made as they occur so that 
this record will be complete and correct at all times. 

243. Each driver will submit daily a report (Model 
"B" following), showing the mileage, passengers 
hauled, gasoline and oils used, etc. Books of these 
blank reports will be furnished by the quartermaster. 

244. A cost record will be kept for each vehicle 
(Model "C" following). This can be done by using an 
ordinary blank book issued by the quartermaster, 
necessary columns being ruled off. The cost of all 
repairs, the amount and cost of all gasoline, oils, 
grease, etc., wages or pay of chauffeurs, number of 
days laid up for repairs, etc. ; in fact, everything re- 
quired to render an accurate and comprehensive report 
on Forms 416 and 417 Q. M. C. (List B). This report 
will be prepared in triplicate, at the end of each quar- 
ter, the original and one copy being rendered to the 
department quartermaster, the other copy retained 
with the company records. 

245. Spare parts lists for either Indian or Harley 
Davidson Motorcycles with quantities required to be 
kept in stock for any given number of motorcycles, 
with costs on each article, may be obtained upon 
application for same to the Motor Transportation 
Branch, Quartermaster General's Oflace, Washington, 
D. C. 

246. Repair Shop and Equipment. — ^Among the 
most important items for the successful maintenance 
of motorcycle equipment is a suitable housing for the 
machines and a well equipped shop. If the shop can 
be established at the same place where the machines 
are housed, as herein recommended, that is to be pre- 
ferred. For economy and efficiency one shop should 
be centrally located to take care of all motorcycle re- 
pairs in the camp. It has been found inadvisable to 
merge the motorcycle shop with motor car and motor 
truck repair shops. 



54: MOTORCYCLE TRANSPORTATION. 

SUBJECTS FOR INSTRUCTION AND FOR USE IN 
WEEKLY INSPECTIONS. 

247. Motor: 
Ignition. 

Fouled spark plugs. 

Poorly adjusted spark plug points. 

Magneto points out of adjustment. 

Magneto points needing cleaning. 

Magneto brush holder, cracked. 

Fouled carbon brush or sticking spring. 

Other magneto repairs. 

Carburetion. 

Improperly adjusted carburetor. 
Needle valve or air valve needing readjusting. 
Clogged gas line or float valve. 
Adjustment of low speed adjusting screw. 
Poorly adjusted throttle control. 
Carburetor air shutter open. 

Valves. 

Adjusting exhaust and inlet tappets. 
Importance of inspecting tappets regularly. 
Detecting improperly adjusted tappets. 
Detecting and replacing weak inlet and exhaust 

valve springs. 
Sticking exhaust valves. 
Grinding and refacing valves and vale seats. 

Ll^brication. 

Importance of proper lubrication. 
Regulating mechanical oiler. 
Correct use of hand pump. 
Flushing and draining motor. 

248. Transmission: 
Adjusting clutch at pull rod. 

Adjusting clutch by means of clutch spring screws. 
Inspecting oil level in transmission each week. 
Adjusting gear shift mechanism. 
Lubricating clutch bearings. 
Fitting new cluth springs and discs. 
Fitting clutch on main shaft. 



MOTOKCYCLE TRANSPORTATION. 55 

249. Chains. 

Repairing broken drive chain. 
Adjusting drive cliains. 
Fitting engine sprocket. 

250. Brakes. 
Adjusting foot brake. 
Adjusting hand brake. 

Fitting new brake band lining and putting on brake 
drum. 

251. Controls: 

Connecting and adjusting spark, throttle and valve 
lift controls. 

Fitting and adjusting new control wire. 

252. Tires: 
Repairing tube. 
Inserting blowout patch. 
Putting on casing. 

253. Wheels: 
Care of spokes. 

Adjusting and repacking front and rear wheel 
cones and bearings. 

Truing and lacing wheels. 

254. Forks: 

Replacing broken fork springs. 
Straightening bent forks. 
•Adjusting head fittings. 
Installing complete set'Of front forks. 

255. Seat Post: 

Adjusting spring seat post to the weight of the 
driver. 

Lubricating seat post springs. 

256. General Inspection and Lubrication: 

Going over machine at regular intervals to see that 
bolts and nuts are tight, viz. : crank case and cylinder 
bolts and nuts; tank, speedometer and horn bracket 
screws, tank clamping screws, front and rear axle 
nuts, head fittings, cylinder plug nuts, etc. 



56 MOTOECYCLE TRANSPORTATION. 

Refilling grease cups. 
Repacking bearings. 

257. Lighting System: 

How to use Prest-0-Lite tank. 
Regulating flow of gas to safeguard against break- 
age of reflector. 

Cleaning lamp burners. 

Going over laead and tail light connections, 

258. Side Car: 

How to connect, adjust and line up. 

How to use extension axle. 

Taking up and lubricating side car wheel bearings. 

259. Use of Wrenches: 

Instructions on the correct use of all wrenches 
and tools recommended by us for camp repair shop. 

When, in the judgment of the officer in charge and 
the instructor, the men are qualified to take care of 
the machines and do first quality work, each man is 
given a verbal examination and put to work on a 
machine that needs attention or that has been put out 
of adjustment. He is then graded by the instructor, 
depending on his knowledge and practical ability, and 
a record of his relative standing is furnished the offi- 
cer in charge. 

260. Qrip Controls — Miscellaneous: 

Correct adjustment of throttle, spark and valve 
lift controls. 

Replacing broken control wire. 

Gas and oil feed pipes and connections. 

Correcting gasoline leakage. 

Gasoline and oil tank construction. 

Inspection tour through manufacturing depart- 
ments. 

261. Motor: 

Design and construction of the motor. 
Stripping motor. 
Inspecting for wear. 
Carbon removal. 



MOTOECYCLE TEAN SPORT ATION. 57 

Timing of valves and spark. 
Valve grinding. 

Renewal of crank case bearings. 
Lining of crank cases. 
Fitting connecting rod bearings. 
Lining up connecting rods. 
Assembling and truing flywheels. 
Squaring and rounding pistons. 
Fitting piston rings, gears and roller arms. 
Adjusting inlet and exhaust tappets. 
Fitting carburetor and manifold. 
Conditions that may effect motor causes and 
remedies : 

Laboring. 

Overheating. 

Missing. 

Backfiring. 

Loss of power and speed. 

Correct use of factory wrenches for motor work. 

262. Luhrication: 

Importance of proper lubrication. 

Working principles of mechanical oiler. 

Regulating oil supply. 

Correct use of the hand pump. 

Principle and construction of hand pump. 

Making repairs to hand pump. 

When to use hand pump. 

263. Carduretion: 

Principles and construction of carburetors. 
Practical road demonstration on carburetor adjust- 
ments. 

Carburetor repairs. 

Troubles due to improper carburetion: 

Symptoms. 

Causes. 

Remedies. 

264. Ignition: 

Spark plugs — care and repair. 

Principles of motorcycle magneto ignition. 

Magneto construction. 



58 MOTORCYCLE TEANSPOETATION. 

Magneto repairs. 
Magneto timing. 
Troubles due to faulty ignition : 

Symptoms. 

Causes. 

Remedies. 
Locating and correcting short circuits. 

265. Frame, Front Forks and Handlebars: 
Frame, fork and handlebar construction. 
Inspection tour through departments engaged in 

manufacture of frames, forks and handlebars. 

Frame, fork and handlebar repairs. 

Methods of straightening bent frames, forks and 
handlebars, on and off machine. 

Practical work in factory repair department. 

266. Three-Si)ced Transmission: 

Principle and construction of three-speed transmis- 
sion. 

Lubrication. 

Inspecting transmission. 

Proper tools to use. 

Renewing worn or damaged fittings. 

Assembling and fitting transmission. 

Practical demonstration of adjustment of three- 
speed locking and shifting mechanism. 

267. Drive Chains and Sprockets: 
Care of drive chains. 
Importance of correct lubrication. 
Adjusting drive chains. 
Detecting and taking up wear. 
Chain repairs. 

268. Wheels, Hubs and Clutch: 
Construction of hubs. 
Construction of foot and hand brakes. 
Care of spokes. 

Truing and lacing wheels. 

Inspection tour through factory departments en- 
gaged in manufacture of clutches. 
Removing clutch from machine. 



MOTOECYCLE TEANSPOETATION. &» 

Proper tools to use for clutch work. 
Stripping, inspecting, renewing worn or damaged 
fittings. 

Adjusting and lubricating clutch bearings. 

Repacking hubs. 

Inspecting cones and bearings. 

Adjusting foot and hand brakes. 

Brake repairs. 

Assembling and fitting clutch. 

Proper methods of making adjustments on clutch. 

Correcting a slipping clutch. 

Correcting a non-releasing clutch. 

269. Tire Care and Repair: 

Applying inner tube and casing. 
Repairing inner tube and casing. 

A DESIRABLE SPARE PARTS STOCK RECORD. 

270. By far the best system is to keep a perpetual 
inventory of all spare parts carried. A card should 
be made out for each part and all receipts and dis- 
bursements should be recorded on this card. A con- 
venient form is shown : 

FRONT OF CARD. 

Name of Part Part No 

Minimum Models Bin No._ 



Date 


On Hand 


Date 


On Hand 


Date 


On Hand 


Date 


On Hand 



















































60 MOTOECYCLE TRANSPOETATION. 

BACK OF CARD 



Ordered 


Received 


Order 
No. 


Disbursements 


Date 


Amount 


Date 


Amount 




Month 


1918 


1919 












January 
















Feb. 
















March 
















April 







271. These cards can be made in any convenient 
size. They can be arranged according to the fac- 
tory numbers in alphabetical and numerical order 
as the same factory number always designates the 
same part. The column "on hand" always shows 
the number of parts in the bin. All disbursements 
are subtracted and all receipts are added to the 
last total. If advisable another column can be 
added for the order number or any other necessary 
information. All figures in the "on hand" column 
except receipts can be made in pencil and when 
parts are given out the total can be erased and the 
new total inserted. This makes it unnecessary to 
use more than one line for a day's disbursements. 

272. All orders for additional parts are recorded 
on the back of the card, with the order number and 
the date shipment is received. Allowance is made 
for a summary of disbursements by months. The 
quantity used in a certain period can be ascertained 
by adding the stock on hand at the beginning of the 
period to the receipts and deducting the amount on 
hand at the end of the period. 

273. The minimum stock and the number of parts 
to be ordered can best be determined by referring 
to the quantity of parts given out, as shown by the 
monthly record on the back of the card. 



MOTOECYCLE TEANSPORTATION. 61 

274. Where a perpetual inventory is not necessary 
and a record of parts ordered only is kept, the red 
and blue card system is recommended. When the 
stock of a certain part is seen to be getting low a 
red card is attached to the bin. When making lip a 
spare parts order the bins are checked over and 
an additional stock of these parts is ordered. As 
soon as the order is entered a blue card is attached 
to the bin and the red card is removed so that the 
parts will not be ordered again before the order 
arrives. When the order is received the blue cards 
are taken off of the bins as the parts are put away. 



APPENDICES 



MOTOECYCLE TEANSPOETATION. 



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73 




74 MOTORCYCLE TEANSPOETATION. 

MISCELLANEOUS BOOKS AND PUBLICATIONS. 

1. Army Regulations, furnished by the Adjutant 
General of the Army. 

2. Copies of all general orders, bulletins and cir- 
culars issued from the various headquarters under 
which the company is serving. Files in which to keep 
above can be obtained by requisition on the quarter- 
master. 

3. Manual for courts-martial, 1917, furnished by 
the Adjutant General of the Army. 

4. Compilation of general orders, bulletins and 
circulars, 1881-1915, furnished by the Adjutant Gen- 
eral of the Army. 

5. There should be kept on file a loose-leaf memo- 
randum book with index, in which to enter such 
instructions, information memoranda, etc., which may 
be very useful to retain for reference and which is 
not covered by other regulations or orders. 

6. Catalogues, instruction books, etc., for the make 
and kind of vehicles with which the company is 
equipped. 

7. A standard handbook of motor vehicles : Recom- 
mended, Dyke's Automobile and Gasoline Engine 
Encyclopedia, or Gas, Gasoline and Oil Engines, by 
Hiscox & Page. These should be obtained by requisi- 
tion on the quartermaster or supply officer. 

8. Manual for the Quartermaster Corps, furnished 
by the Quartermaster General. 

PROPERTY COMMON TO ALL COMPANIES. 

A list of this property and use for which intended 
is enumerated below : 

Equipment foe Motoecycle Company. 

(A) Personal (Individual) Equipment. 

(For each member of a motorcycle company). 

(A) Ordnance Property. 

For all cyclemasters and mechanics, (2 men) : 
1 Automatic pistol, caliber .45, model 1911. 



MOTOECYCLE TEANSPOETATION. 75 

2 magazines, pistol extra. 
21 cartridges, ball, pistol. 
1 canteen and cover. 
1 can bacon. 
1 condiment can. 
1 cup. 
1 fork. 
1 haversack. 
1 knife. 
1 meat can. 
1 pack carrier. 
1 pouch for first-aid packet. 
1 spoon. 

1 pistol holster, caliber .45 automatic. 
1 pistol belt, without saber ring. 

For all enlisted men except cyclemasters and 
mechanics, (36 men) : 

1 United States rifle, caliber .30, model 1903. 

1 front-sight cover. 

1 oiler and thong case. 

1 thong and brush. 
100 ball cartridges, caliber .30. 

1 canteen. 

1 canteen cover. 

1 can bacon. 

1 condiment can. 

1 cup. 

1 fork. 

1 haversack. 

1 knife. 
■ 1 meat can. 

1 pack carrier. 

1 pouch for first-aid packet. 

1 spoon. 

1 cartridge belt, caliber .30, model 1910. 

1 scabbard for rifle. 

2 straps, coat. 



76 MOTORCYCLE TEANSPOBTATION. 

(For all enlisted men). 

(38) 

(B) Medical Property. 

1 first-aid packet. 

(C) Quartermaster property. 
(38) 

1 bag, barrack. 
1 bar, mosquito. 

1 bed sack. 

2 blankets, O. D. 

Clothing as prescribed for infantry soldier and in 
addition thereto the following : 
Leggins, M't'd. 

Breeches, Kersey lined (motorcycle type). 
Cap, winter (motorcycle type). 
Gloves, winter (motorcycle type). 
Goggles, pair. 
Hat, denim. 

Helmet (motorcycle men only). 
Mask, face, (motorcycle men only). 
Muffler, (motorcycle men only). 
Overalls, mechanics. ' 
Pea jacket (motorcycle type). 
Shoes, aviator, winter, pair. 
Sweater, special, aviator. 
Cot, folding. 
Overcoat, mackinaw. 
Slicker. 
Coat, fatigue. 

Tent, shelter half mounted. 
Pole, shelter tent. 
Pins, shelter tent. 

Toilet articles (see table of Fund Allow., 1917). 
Breeches, fatigue. 

(D) Unit Mortorcycle Equipment. 

1 tire chains, set of 2. 
1 box cold patches. 



MOTORCYCLE TRANSPORTATION. 77 

1 spark plug. 

1 inner tube, lap end. 

1 tire pump. 

1 inside blowout patch. 

1 outside blowout patch. 

4 chain repair links. 

1 roll electrician's tape, 4 oz. 
1 spool iron wire, No. 14. 

1 tool kit complete, as furnished by manufacturers. 
1 flashlight complete (1% x 8i/^ inches). 
1 rope, towing, about 15 feet with hook on each 
end, strength of pull, 1000 lbs. 

1 chains, skids, set. 

(D) General Equipment. 

(For general use of company, in addition to equip- 
ments previously specified). 

(A) Kitchen Equipment Carried on Baggage 
and Ration Truck. 

To be kept in company kitchen or on baggage and 
ration truck. 

2 axes and helves. 

3 buckets, galvanized iron. 

1 cooking utensils, march kit (see table of funda- 
mental allowances, 1917). 

2 cans milk, 5 galvanized heavy metal. 
2 hatchets. 

6 lanterns. , 

2 picks and helves. 

1 range, field No. 2, complete. 

2 spades. 

1 tent, fly, hospital, with poles. 
6 extinguishers, fire, pyrene, 1 qt. 

(E) Miscellaneous. 

(To be kept in storeroom or issued to proper 
individuals). 

5 bags, surplus kit. 

1 bag, water, sterilizing. 

4 brooms, corn. 

1 brush, marking. 



78 MOTORCYCLE TRANSPORT ATTON. 

6 brushes, scrubbing. 

1 desk, field, large. 

3 funnels, large (heavy metal). 

6 flash lights, complete (1 each for cyclemaster, 
assistants and mechanics). 

3 measures, oil, 2-quart, heavy metal. 

3 measures, garage, 5 gallon, heavy metal. 

Oil, gasoline, as required. 

Oil, lubricating, as required. 

Oil, mineral, as required. 

Oil, neat's-foot, as required. 

Oil, grease, as required. 

Oil chain lubricant, as required. 

Parts, spare and repair, as required. (Components 
and quantities depend on make of motorcycle and 
service on which engaged). Should include the fol- 
lowing for each 15 machines or major fraction thereof : 

1 magneto. 

1 front wheel (complete with tire). 

1 rear wheel (complete with tire). 

1 side car wheel (complete with tire). 

1 carburetor. 
8 spark plugs. 

2 magneto-platinum points, and other parts found 
necessary. 

1 paulin, large. 

30 powder, calcium chloride, tubes. 

2 rakes, steel. 
Rations, field, as ordered. 
Rations, reserve, as ordered. 
Soap, pounds, as required. 

1 stamping set, steel, alphabet and numbers, size 
% inch. 

1 stencil plate, set, 1 inch. 
. 1 stick, size, shoe. 

1 stretcher, shoe. 

1 tape, foot measure. 
Tentage, heavy. 

1 tent, complete, pyramidal, small or wall, small. 

7 tents, pyramidal, large. 

1 canvas, latrine screen, complete. 
1 typewriter. 
32 vehicles, motorcycles, complete, with side cars. 



MOTOECYCLE TRANSPOETATION. 79 

2 vehicles, auto truck, complete, % ton, pneumatic 
tires. 

5 whistles (for company commander, cyclemaster 
and assistant cyclemaster). 

1 hose, gasoline, 20 ft. 

2 drums, 50 gallon capacity. 
1 drum, 15 gallons. 

Trucks to be equipped as in a truck company. 

(F) Signal Property. 

1 field phone, carried on company commander's 
car. 
. .3 buzzers, 1 each carried by assistant cyclemasters. 
1 flag kit, combination, carried by messenger. 
1 field glass, type E, carried by cyclemaster. 

(G) Engineer Property. 

3 compass watches, one each carried by each assis- 
tant cyclemaster. 



SUGGESTED FORM FOR ORDER FOR MOTOR- 
CYCLE. 

No 

""(Plaiej " (Dite)"" 

To Motorcycle Co. No 

Send motorcycles to report as specified below: 

Number of motorcycles 

To whom to report „ 

Place:^.... 

Hour 

Remarks 



80 MOTOECYCLE TEANSPOETATION. 

By direction: 
Received above order: 



(Asst.) Cyclemaster Co 

Hour 

(peefoeated) . 

MoTOECYCLE Co 

Motorcycle No 

Drivers 

Hour of departure.- 

Hour of return 



(Signature of man in charge of motorcycle) 

Motorcycles reported to me as directed above: 

Time 

Signature 



TESTS OF CANDIDATES FOR APPOINTMENT AS 
DRIVERS OR FOR TRANSFER TO QUARTER- 
MASTER CORPS. 

The followng forms are suggested for use: 

Name Age 

Rank._ Service 



MOTOECrCLE TKANSPOBTATION. 81 

1 . Can he write a legible hand? 

2. Can he spell ordinary words? 

3. Does he understand long and short division of 

arithmetic? 

4. Does he understand multiplication? ..„ 

5. Can he read and explain meaning of any article chosen 

from newspaper? 

6. General intelligence? 

Practical Examination 

Make of motorcycle 

Number of motorcycle — 

Time in :. - 

Time out - 

Ability to start up 

Ability to turn in limited areas 

Ability to move forward — 

Ability to shift gears - - 

Ability to turn comers 

Ability to start and stop 

Ability to control motorcycle 

Ability to go up and down hills v 

Has he self-confidence? 

Practical Questions. 
Motor parts - - 



82 MOTORCYCLE TEANSPORTATION. 

Lubricating system 

Fuels and lubricants^ 

Transmission 

Clutch 

Brakes. -— 

Magneto 

Carburetor 

Previous Experience. 

Garage 

Machine shops 

Repair shops 

Driving autos 

Driving motorcycles 

Gas and oil engines _ 

Final estimate , 



(Tester) 
'"(Rank)" 



For Test: 



Commanding. 
Recommendation: 



Commanding. 



MOTOECYCLE fRANSPOEtATION. 83 

Peesonal Record. 

1. Surname 

Christian name 

2. Nationality — 

3 . Age._ Years . 

4. Married or single 

Number of minor children 

5. Educational advantages 

Names of schools or colleges attended, and how long.... 



6. Enlistment period in which serving 

7. Date of present enlistment 

8. Length of time has been a non-commissioned officer.. 



Former Experience. 
A full statement of the experience had in: 

1. Garage 

2. Machine shops 

3 . Repair shops 

4. Driving autos 

5. Driving motorcycles. . 



84 MOTOECYCLE TBANSPOETATION. 

6. Gas and oil engines 

7. Steam engines 

Remarks 

(Name) 
(Rank) (Organization) 

Memorandum. 

1 

(Name) 

(Rank) 

(Organization) 
desires transfer to Quartermaster Corps as chauffeur. 

2. Have you any objection to this transfer? 

3. What is his character? 

4. How many convictions by court martial has he had 

during the past year? 
Were they for serious offenses? 

5. Do you believe the applicant is good material for a 

chauffeur or mechanic? 

6. What has been his experience as a chauffeur or me- 

chanic while under your observation? 



Commanding. 



MOTOECYCLE TEANSPOETATION. 85 



Please answer above questions here. 
Answers: 



Remarks. 



Commanding. 



Company Regiment 

Age Rank. 

Name - 

Service - 

Ratings. 

"Passed" indicates work completed without assistance 

in reasonable length of time. 
"Very good" indicates very slight assistance. 
"Good" indicates instructor must assist. 
"Poor" indicates all around inefficiency. 

Classes. 

Class A, passed and for assignment. 

Class B, partially passed; short instruction. 

Class C, to receive long instruction. 



Class by. 



86 MOTORCYCLE TBANSPOBTATION. 

Quartermaster Sergeant, S. G., Principal Inst. 
Final recommendation: 



Commanding. 

Practical Questions For A Test. 

1. What does advancing the spark mean, and why do 

we advance it? Why retard it? 

2. What is the carburetor for? How is gasoline fed 

from supply tank to the carburetor? 

3. Describe just what functions you would perform/ 

when starting the engine. 

4. What is the cooling system for, and how many kinds 

are in use on motorcycles. 

5. Name the various kinds of lubricating systems and 

describe their action. 

6. How would you clean a crank case, and how often? 

7. How often would you change the lubricants in the 

gear set and what kind of lubricants would you use 
for part mentioned? 

8. If your engine became badly overheated, what 

course would you pursue? 

9. Describe how you would remove a spark plug, clean, 

and adjust the points; what effect would too wide 
a gap between the points have? 

10. What attention should be given the storage battery? 

11. What attention should be given the magneto? 



12. What is the clutch for? How many kinds of clutches 

are in popular use? 

13. What attention should be given the tires? Wheels? 

14. How should you adjust the valve clearance? 

15. Why is it necessary to throw out the clutch when 

shifting gears? 



MOTORCYCLE TRANSPORTATION. 87 

16. In passing a vehicle going in the same direction, upon 

what side would you pass? Describe turning a 
corner to the left; to the right. 

17. After starting the engine and having entered the 

seat, what would you do before starting the car? 

Dkiving Test. 

Ability to start engine properly. 

Starting motorcycle 

Shifting gears 

Use of clutch.- - 

Use of brakes 

Spark 

Control of engine _ 

Stopping 

Corners 

Turning around 

Hills (stop and start on hills) 

Varied roads 



Tester. 
Ratings. 

"Passed" indicates work completed without assistance 

in reasonable length of time. 
''Very good" indicates very slight assistance. 
"Good" indicates instructor must assist. 
"Poor" indicates all-around ineflSiciency. 



88 MOTOEGYCLE TRANSPOETATION. 

Classes. 

Class A, passed and for assignment. 

Class B, partially passed; short instruction. 

Class C, to receive long instruction. 

Class by._ 

Quartermaster Sergeant, S. G., Principal Instructor. 

SUGGESTED FORM OF INSPECTION SHEET. 
Motorcycle Company No 



Inspected by 

Motorcycle No - 

Condition found 

Oil leaks.™- 

Compression.... 

Anchor plate bolts 

Date 

Total registered mileage 

Condition left 

Valve tappet adjustment 

Bolts and nuts 

Noise 

Fuel System. 

Connections 

Idling conditions 

Float chamber „ 



MOTORCYCLE TRANSPORTATION. 

Carburetor action. 

Ignition System. 

Sp. Gr. of batteries 

Wiring...„ - 

Spark lever action 

Magneto - 

Magneto lubrication 

Spark plugs. -. 

Clutch. 

Engagement „ 

Thrust action 

Lubrication ...-. 

Adjt'm't, starter gear. 

Gears. 

Control 

Noisy 

Lubrication— ..„ 

Oil leaks 

Bolting to frame 

Shift lever acti on 

Control System. 

Lost motion 

Foot pedals 

Handle bars 



90 MOTOKCYCLE TEANSPOETATION. 

Cable controls 

Service brake 

Hand brake 

Universal joints 

Running Gear and Frame. 

Condition of tires ... 

Wheels in general.... 



Cones and bearings : 

Sprockets 

Cracks in frames : 

Springs 

Lubrication 

Chain adjustments 

Chains 

Wheel alignment 

Sidecar attachment 

Lighting System. 

Working ordor. 

Headlight 

Tail light.- 

Prest tank. -.... 

Battery 



MOTOECYCLE TEANSPORTATION. 91 

Miscellaneous. 

Bolts and nuts.... 

Sidecar.^ 

Chain and mud guards : 

Toolkits 

Equipment 

Cleaning.... 

Troubles indicated on this sheet should be remedied 
before another inspection is made. Company com- 
manders may add other vital points for inspection on 
this sheet. 



MOTOECYCLE TEANSPOETATION. 93 

HARLEY-DAYIDSON TOOLS. 




PX 702 



r~',/^:^ 







Plate I. 



94 



MOTOBCYCLE TEAN SPORT ATION. 




r^-T^^^t 



DA 747 F\ 44^ 



k<i^.: 



Plate II, 



MOTORCYCLE TEANSPORTATION. 



95 




Plate III. 



MOTORCYCLE TEANSPOETATION. 




f- > " r J D 



Plate IV. 



MOTOBCYCLE TEANSPOETATION. 



97 




FX 709 FX7 28 











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r-x -f-^p 



Plate V. 



MOTOKCYCLE TEA^-SPOETATIOX. 



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101 



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102 



MOTOECYCLE TEANSPOETATION. 



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Plato VI. 



INDIAN TOOLS. 




Plate VI. I 



MOTOECYCLE TRANSPOETATION. 



105 



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106 



MOTOECYCLE TEANSPOETATION. 



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MOTOBCYCLE TEANSPOETATION. 



107 



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108 



MOTOECYCLE TEAN SPORT AT ION. 



i 

a 

o 
O 















Poles, tent, shelter...... 

Ropes, tent, shelter... 

Slickers _ 

Tags, identification ... 
Tent, shelter, half. 














Bags, barrack 

Blankets, O.D 

Caps, leather 

Flashlights .... 

Mackinaws.... 

Pins, tent, shelter ., 



1^ 















Cups, aluminum 

Forks... -. 

Knives 

Spoons 

Meat cains..... 

Rounds revolver amm . 


M M M M 












First aid pouches 

Belts, revolver. 

Canteens 

Canteen covers 

Haversacks 

Holster, revolver •... 



MOTORCYCLE TEANSPOETATION. 



109 



! 1 ;;;;;; i ; i :;;:;:;; ; 












Hats, service 

Laces, breeches 

Laces, leggin 

Laces, shoe 

Leggins 

Orna. collar, br 

Orna. collar, br. U. S.. 
Shirts, flannel, 0. D... 

Shoes, russet 

Shoes, field 

Socks, cotton 

Socks, woolen, It 

Socks, woolen, hy 

Trousers, denim 

Undershirts, cotton.... 
Undershirts, woolen... 






; ; ; ; i ; i ; ; ; ; i ; ; ; i ; i i 








Belts, waist 

Breeches, cotton, O.D. 
Breeches, woolen, O.D. 

Caps, winter 

Chevrons, cotton 

Chevrons, woolen 

Coats, denim..... 

Coats, cotton, 0. D 

Coats, woolen, 0. D 

Cords, hat 

Drawers, canton-flan... 

Drawers, summer 

Drawers, woolen, hy.... 

Gauntlets, winter 

Gloves, woolen. 

Gloves, leather 



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110 



MOTORCYCLE TRANSPOETATION. 



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Pump, tire 

Prestolite tank 

Prestolite pin 




Tool kit, canvas - 

Tube, inner 

Valve lifting tool 


J: 


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MOTOKCYCLE TEANSPOETATION. 



Ill 



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